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Marriage and Family > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Marriage gradient

A

Tendency for men to marry women slightly below them in age. Puts high status women at a disadvantage.

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2
Q

Endogamy

A

assures that we share common assumptions, experiences and understanding of the world.

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3
Q

Marriage squeeze

A

When there is more of one sex and they hold the power.

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4
Q

exogamy (AKA: Incest taboo)

A

prohibits us from marrying within specific groups of people such as relatives, and people of the same sex. sets up boundary.

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5
Q

Homogamy

A

we will marry people similar to ourself. gives us a sense of stability.

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6
Q

Heterogamy

A

the tendency to choose a mate whose personal or group characteristics differ from our own.

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7
Q

Hypogamy

A

Men will marry below them in economic status

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8
Q

Hypergamy

A

Women will marry above them in economic status

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9
Q

Residential propinquity

A

we select people where we hang out. we find them in common places we frequent.

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10
Q

Complementary needs theory

A

people seek as spouses those whose needs are different. ?

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11
Q

Parental image theory

A

We seek partners who are similar to our opposite sex parent.

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12
Q

Stimulus-value-role theory

A

3 stages: 1. Based on exchange, stimulus stage (I’m attracted to you. 2. Values- 3. Role stage-person analyzes the others behavior and potential as spouse and parent. (Are you who you say you are.

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13
Q

Closed fields

A

A small number of people who are likely to interact whether they are attracted or not

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14
Q

Open fields

A

Characterized by large numbers of people who do not ordinarily interact with each other.

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15
Q

Operant conditioning

A

the process of increasing the frequency of a behavior by reinforcement.

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16
Q

What does socialization mean?

A

Learning

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17
Q

Cognitive development theory

A

Focuses on the discrete stages of development (based on development of the brain and nervous system) which all infants and children pass though at about the same time.

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18
Q

Assimilation

A

Means taking in new ideas and information to fit their environment.

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19
Q

Accommodation

A

adjusting your framework of understanding to fit in a new experience

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20
Q

Development systems approach

A

Views child growth and development as taking place within a complex and changing family system that both influences and is influenced by the child.

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21
Q

Looking-glass self

A

The self concept that develops from our sense of how others view us. We imagine how others view us, how others judge us,

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22
Q

The term “child free” is used to describe

A

a marriage where partners do not choose to have children.

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23
Q

The incest taboo is an enforcement of?

A

exogamy

24
Q

stimulus-value-role theory? 3 stages

A

a three-stage theory of romantic development proposed by Bernard Murstein; 1-stimulus brings people together, 2-value refers to the compatibility of basic values, 3-role has to do with each person’s expectations of how the other should fulfill his or her roles

25
Q

complementary needs theory

A

theory of mate selection suggesting that we select partners whose needs are different from and/or complimentary to our own

26
Q

open field

A

a setting in which potential partners may not be likely to meet, characterized by large numbers of people who do not ordinarily interact; such as beach, mall, or large campus

27
Q

closed field?

A

a setting in which partners may meet, characterized by small numbers of people who are likely to interact; such as class, dorm, or party

28
Q

Verbal communication?

A

Expresses the basic content of the message

29
Q

Nonverbal communication?

A

Expresses the relationship part of the message

30
Q

placaters?

A

Always agreeable and act helpless

31
Q

Computers?

A

Correct and reasonable

32
Q

Mutual affirmation?

A

Includes: 1. Mutual acceptance 2. Liking each other 3. expressing liking in both words and actions.

33
Q

Power?

A

The ability or potential ability to influence another person or group to get people to do what you want them to do.

34
Q

The major types of commitment operating within marriage include which of the following?

A

structural commitment

35
Q

The view that violence stems from family stress and a lack of community support is the ____ model of family violence.

A

ecological

36
Q

What percentage of American parents spank their children?

A

90%

37
Q

According to the text, an act carried out with the intention or perceived intention of causing physical pain or injury to another person is known as

A

violence

38
Q

According to survey research, the number of women who report expressing violence toward their male partners is

A

about the same as that of men

39
Q

When comparing victimization rates and annual household income, we find that

A

victimization occurs within all income levels

40
Q

Sibling violence

A

is the most common form of intrafamilial violence

41
Q

Sexual and other forms of abuse occur more frequently in household with

A

stepparents

42
Q

____ refers to the process in which a sexually abused child’s sexuality develops inappropriately and the child becomes interpersonally dysfunctional

A

traumatic sexualization

43
Q

The view that violence stems from social systems that have traditionally placed women in a subordinate role to men is the ___ model of family violence

A

feminist

44
Q

When do women stay in violent relationships?

A

when they are economically dependent
When they believe their children need a father
When they are afraid of being along

45
Q

When one partner says, “I work so hard to come home to this!” and the other says, “This is the best I can do with no help!” it is an example of

A

complaining and defensiveness

46
Q

When one partner yells “You’re wrong!” and the other, “I only did what I was supposed to do!” it is an example of

A

confronting and defensiveness

47
Q

T/F The value placed on family privacy contributes to a reluctance to report suspected family violence

A

true

48
Q

T/F Violence by children against parents has been the most neglected form of family violence

A

true

49
Q

The aspects of the halo effect?

A
  1. aesthetic appeal- preference for beauty. 2. glow of beauty- assuming they are good people. 3. status- we achieve by dating that person.
50
Q

Marriage gradient?

A

tendency for women to marry men of higher status.

51
Q

Intensive mothering ideology?

A

Portrays mothers as the essential caregivers, who should be child centered, guided by experts, and emotionally absorbed in the labor-intensive and financially demanding task of childrearing.

52
Q

Cognitive development theory?

A

child develop their cognitive abilities through interaction with the world and adaptation to their surroundings. (This included assimilation- making new info into understanding. and Accommodation- adjusting framework around new experiences.)

53
Q

Developmental systems approach

A

the growth and development of children takes place within a complex and changing family system that both influences and is influenced by the child.

54
Q

styles of child rearing?

A

Authoritarian childrearing, permissive, authoritative

55
Q

common couple violence

A

erupts during an argument striking in the heat of the moment.

56
Q

Intimate terrorism

A

when one partner tried to dominate and control the other

57
Q

3 phase cycle of violence?

A
  1. Gender, 2.Power/control 3. stress 4. Intimacy

Marriage and Family (5 decks)

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