Chapter 7

Question 1

An impermeable bed that hinders or prevents groundwater movement

Answer 1

Aquitard

Question 2

A well in which the water rises above the level where it was initially encountered

Answer 2

Artesian well

Question 3

A naturally formed underground chamber or series of chambers most commonly produced by solution activity in limestone

Answer 3

Cavern

Question 4

A cone shaped depression in the water table immediately surrounding a well

Answer 4

Cone of depression

Question 5

An equation stating that groundwater discharge depends on the hydraulic gradient, hydraulic conductivity, and cross-sectional area of an aquifer

Answer 5

Darcy’s law

Question 6

An artisan well in which water flows freely at Earths surface because the pressure surface is above ground level

Answer 6

Flowing artisan well

Question 7

Streams that gain water from the inflow of groundwater through the stream bed

Answer 7

Gaining (effluent) stream

Question 8

A fountain of hot water ejected periodically from the ground

Answer 8

Geyser

Question 9

Water in the zone of saturation

Answer 9

Groundwater

Question 10

A spring in which the water is 6-9 degrees C warmer than the mean annual air temperature of its locality

Answer 10

Hot spring

Question 11

The slope of the water table. It is determined by finding the height difference between two points on the water table and dividing by the horizontal distance between the two points

Answer 11

Hydraulic gradient

Question 12

A type of topography formed on soluble rock (especially limestone) primarily by dissolution. It is characterized by sinkholes, caves, and underground drainage.

Answer 12

Karst topography

Question 13

The volume of open spaces in rock or soil

Answer 13

Porosity

Question 14

An artesian well in which water does not rise to the surface because the pressure surface is below ground level

Answer 14

Nonflowing artesian well

Question 15

Stream that loses water to the groundwater system by outflow through the streambed

Answer 15

Losing (influent) stream

Question 16

A measure of a materials ability to transmit water

Answer 16

Permeability

Question 17

A depression produced in a region where soluble rock had been removed by groundwater

Answer 17

Sinkhole

Question 18

A localized zone of saturation above the main water table, created by an impermeable layer (aquiclude)

Answer 18

Perched water table

Question 19

A collective term for the dripstone features found in caverns

Answer 19

Speleothem

Question 20

A flow of groundwater that emerges naturally at the ground surface

Answer 20

Spring

Question 21

The icicle-like structure that hangs from the ceiling of a cavern

Answer 21

Stalactite

Question 22

The column like form that grows upward from the floor of a cavern

Answer 22

Stalagmite

Question 23

The upper layer of the saturated zone of groundwater

Answer 23

Water table

Question 24

An opening bored into the zone of saturation

Answer 24

Well

Question 25

Zone near earths surface where pores and opening in rocks are filled or partly filled with water; subsurface water, but not “groundwater”; also called soil moisture

Answer 25

Zone of aeration

Question 26

The zone where all open spaces in sediment and rock are completely filled with water

Answer 26

Zone of saturation

Question 27

Rock or sediment through which groundwater moves easily

Answer 27

Aquifer