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Computer Information Systems > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Web

A

A collection of document, image, video, and sound files that can be linked and accessed over the Internet using a protocol called HTTP

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2
Q

Hypertext

A

Computer system that can store literary documents, link them according to logical relationships, and allow readers to comment and annotate what they need

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3
Q

Web 2.0

A

Includes Web-based applications

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4
Q

Web 3.0

A

Includes cloud computing

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5
Q

Web site

A

Typically contains a collection of related information organized and formatted so it can be accessed using software called a browser

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6
Q

Web server

A

An Internet-based computer that accepts requests from browsers

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7
Q

Web page

A

Product or output of one or more Web-based files displayed in a format similar to a page in a book

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8
Q

Web browser

A

A client software that displays Web page elements and handles links between pages

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9
Q

Hypertext link

A

Can be used to access a Web page

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10
Q

URL

A

Uniform Resource Locator; A unique address for a Web page

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11
Q

HTML

A

Hypertext Markup Language; Set of specifications for creating documents that a browser can display as a Web page

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12
Q

Markup language

A

A language that authors use to mark up documents by inserting special inserting special instructions called HTML tags (Ex. HTML)

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13
Q

HTML tags

A

Specify how the document should appear when displayed on a computer screen or printed

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14
Q

XHTML

A

Markup language very similar to HTML, but it can be customized with tags that describe the data in databases

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15
Q

HTML document

A

Similar to a word processing file, but has an .htm or .html extension

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16
Q

Source document

A

Another name for an HTML document, because it is the source of the HTML tags used to construct a Web page

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17
Q

HTTP

A

A protocol that works with TCP/IP to get Web resources to your desktop

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18
Q

Socket

A

An abstract concept that represents one end of a connection

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19
Q

Persistent HTTP connection

A

Reuses the same HTTP connection to send and receive multiple requests

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20
Q

HTTP status code

A

Web server’s response to a browser’s request; Indicates whether the browser’s request could be fulfilled

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21
Q

Web cache

A

Temporary files with material from when your browser fetches pages and graphics from a Web page

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22
Q

Plug-in

A

A program that extends a browser’s ability to work with file formats

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23
Q

Cookie

A

Small chunk of data generated by a Web server and stored on a text file on your computer’s hard disk

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24
Q

What do websites use cookies for?

A
  • Monitor your path
  • Gather information
  • Collect personal information
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25
Q

HTML conversion utility

A

Adds HTML tags to a document, spreadsheet, or other text-based file to create an HTML document that can be displayed by a browser

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26
Q

Web authoring software

A

A Web page creating software that provides tools specifically designed to enter and format Web page text, graphics, and links

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27
Q

HTML form

A

Uses the tag to accept typed input

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28
Q

Client-side

A

The process that occurs when an HTML source document that’s received by your local browser handles interactions

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29
Q

Server-side

A

The process that occurs when interactions are handled by a remote server

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30
Q

JavaScript

A

Computer scripting language commonly used to add logic and other programmable elements to a Web page

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31
Q

Web search engine

A

Program designed to help people locate information on the Web by formulating simple queries consisting of one or more words called keywords or search terms

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32
Q

Web crawler

A

A program that combs the Web to gather data that’s representative of the contents of Web pages

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33
Q

Indexer

A

Processes the information gathered by the crawler into a list of keywords and URLs stored in a database

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34
Q

Database

A

Stores billions of index references to Web pages

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35
Q

Query processor

A

Allows you to access the database by entering search terms, and then produces a list of Web pages that contain content relevant to your query

36
Q

Link popularity

A

A measure of the quality and quantity of the links from one Web page to others

37
Q

Meta keyword

A

Entered into a header section of a Web page when it is created and is supposed to describe the page contents

38
Q

Keyword stuffing

A

An unethical practice in which meta keywords are manipulated to gain high relevancy rankings

39
Q

Sponsored links

A

Paid ads that are bumped to the top positions on the results list

40
Q

Search terms

A

One or more words related to the information you want to find

41
Q

Search operator

A

A word or symbol that describes a relationship between search terms and thereby helps you create a more focused query

42
Q

Metasearch engine

A

Searches a series of other search engines and complies the search results

43
Q

E-commerce

A

Refers to business transactions that are conducted electronically over a computer network

44
Q

B2C

A

Business to consumer

45
Q

C2C

A

Consumer to consumer

46
Q

B2G

A

Business to government

47
Q

Banner ad

A

Advertisement embedded at the top of a Web page

48
Q

Hover ad

A

Overlays the content on a Web page

49
Q

Pop-up ad

A

Advertisement that appears in a separate window when you connect to a Web page

50
Q

Click-through rate

A

The number of times that site visitors click the ad to connect to the advertiser’s site

51
Q

Ad blocking software

A

Prevents ads from appearing on consumers’ screens

52
Q

Online shopping cart

A

A cyberspace version of the metal cart you wheel around a store and fill up with merchandise

53
Q

Secure connection

A

Encrypts the data transmitted between your computer and a Web site

54
Q

SSL

A

(Secure Sockets Layer) Protocol that encrypts data traveling between a client computer and an HTTP server

55
Q

TLS

A

(Transport Layer Security) Protocol that encrypts data traveling between a client computer and an HTTP server

56
Q

HTTPS

A

(Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) Combination of HTTP and SSL/TLS that provides a secure connection for Web-based transactions

57
Q

Person-to-person payment

A

Offers an alternative to credit cards; Ex. PayPal

58
Q

E-mail message

A

An electronic document transmitted over a computer network

59
Q

E-mail system

A

Made up of the computer and software that provide e-mail services

60
Q

E-mail server

A

A computer that essentially acts as a central post office for a group of people

61
Q

How do I get access to e-mail?

A
  • Internet connection
  • E-mail account
  • E-mail software
62
Q

E-mail account

A

Gets your electronic mailbox set up on an e-mail server

63
Q

E-mail client software

A

The software you use to send, receive, and manage messages

64
Q

Local e-mail

A

E-mail systems based on local client software

65
Q

Webmail

A

Systems that provide access to e-mail through a browser

66
Q

E-mail address

A

A unique address linked to your e-mail account that provides information necessary to route messages to a specified mailbox

67
Q

Store-and-forward

A

The process by which an Internet-based e-mail server stores incoming messages until an e-mail client is launched. Messages are then downloaded to a folder on a local storage device.

68
Q

POP3

A

(Post Office Protocol version 3) Protocol used to manage incoming mail

69
Q

IMAP

A

(Internet Message Access Protocol) Protocol used to manage incoming mail

70
Q

SMTP

A

(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) Protocol that handles outgoing mail

71
Q

HTML mail

A

Term used for e-mail messages containing HTML tags that produce bold, italicized, and underlined text; fancy fonts; embedded graphics; and various font sizes

72
Q

E-mail attachment

A

Any file that travels with an e-mail message

73
Q

MIME

A

(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) Provides a clever way of disguising digital photos, sounds, and other media as plain ASCII code that can travel over the Internet with text-based e-mail data

74
Q

Netiquette

A

Online jargon for Internet ettiquette

75
Q

Ad-serving cookies

A

Data in cookies is used simply to select and display ads that might interest you

76
Q

First-party cookie

A

Created by the Web site that your are visiting

77
Q

Third-party cookie

A

A cookie that is set by an affiliated site

78
Q

Private browsing

A

Provides additional ways to surf the Internet without accumulating a trail of cookies

79
Q

Flash cookies

A

Flash equivalent of a conventional Web cookie

80
Q

Anonymous proxy service

A

Uses an intermediary, or proxy, server to relay Web page requests after masking the originating IP address

81
Q

Web bug

A

A 1x1 pixel graphic embedded in a Web page or an e-mail message

82
Q

Antispyware

A

A type of security software designed to identify and neutralize Web bugs, ad-serving cookies, and other spyware

83
Q

Spam

A

Unwanted electronic junk mail about medical products, low-cost loans, and fake software upgrades that arrives in your online mailbox

84
Q

Spam filter

A

A type of utility software that captures unsolicited e-mail messages before they reach your inbox

85
Q

Phishing

A

An e-mail based scam that’s designed to persuade you to reveal confidential information such as your bank account or Social Security number

86
Q

Pharming

A

An exploit that redirects users to fake security sites by poisoning a domain name server with a false IP address

Computer Information Systems (8 decks)

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