Chapter 7

Question 0

Integral proteins

Answer 0

Penetrate the hydrophobic core

Question 1

Peripheral proteins

Answer 1

Bound to the surface of the membrane

Question 2

6 major functions of membrane proteins

Answer 2

Transport
Enzymatic activity
Signal transduction
Cell-cell recognition
Intercellular joining 
Attachment to the cytoskeleton and ECM

Question 3

How do cells recognize each other?

Answer 3

By binding to surface molecules, often carbohydrates, on the plasma membrane

Carbohydrates vary between species, individuals, and even cell types

Question 4

Glycolipids

Answer 4

Carbohydrates bound to fats

Question 5

Glycoproteins

Answer 5

Carbohydrates bound to proteins

Question 6

What passes through the plasma membrane?

Answer 6

Non-polar molecules(hydrophobic

Question 7

What doesn’t pass through the plasma membrane easily?

Answer 7

Polar molecules such as sugars

Question 8

Types of transport proteins

Answer 8

1 channel proteins- have a hydrophilic channel that certain molecules or ions use as a tunnel
2 aquaporins- water in larger amounts
3 carrier proteins- bind to molecules and change shape to shuttle them across the membrane

Question 9

Endocytosis

Answer 9

Particles that are too big can be taken into the cell with some energy

Pinocytosis and phagocytosis

Question 10

Receptor mediated endocytosis

Answer 10

Binding of Ligands to receptors triggers vesicles formation

Question 11

Ligand

Answer 11

Any molecule that binds specifically to a receptor site of another molecule

Question 12

Exocytosis

Answer 12

Move material out of cell

Opposite of endocytosis

Question 13

Types of active transport

Answer 13

Sodium-potassium pump 
Electrogenic pump (proton pump)

Question 14

Co-transport

Answer 14

When active transport of a solute indirectly drives transport of another solute