Chapter 7 Flashcards
General term to describe ability to perform physical work.
fitness (requires cardiorespiratory functioning, muscular strength and endurance, and musculoskeletal flexibility)
Measure of the body’s capacity to use oxygen.
VO2 max (mL/kg/min)
Endurance
ability to work for prolonged periods of time and the ability to resist fatigue (muscular and cardiorespiratory)
Aerobic exercise adaptations
- increased levels of oxidative enzymes in the muscles
- increased mitochondrial density and size
- increased muscle fiber capillary supply
mVO2
myocardial oxygen consumption - a measure of O2 consumed by heart muscle, supply of O2 to heart is dependent on coronary blood flow
Measurably increased rate of oxygen intake following strenuous activity intended to erase the body’s “oxygen deficit.”
EPOC (excess post-exercise oxygen consumption)
Deconditioning
- Occurs with prolonged bed rest
- Frequently seen in those with extended, acute illness or long term chronic condition
- Disease process will affect conditioning
- Prior level of training will influence conditioning
Phosphagen (ATP-PC System)
- phosphocreatine (fuel source) and ATP stored in muscle cell
- no O2 required
- max capacity is small but max power is large
- short, quick bursts of energy
- 15-30 sec
Anaerobic Glycolytic System
- glycogen (glucose) is fuel source
- no O2 required
- lactic acid byproduct
- max capacity and power is intermediate
- 30-90 sec of exercise
Aerobic System
- glycogen, fats, and protein for fuel
- O2 required
- max capacity is large but power is small
- predominates after 2 min
Deconditioning effects seen with prolonged bed rest:
Decreases in:
- muscle mass
- strength
- cardiovascular function
- total blood volume
- plasma volume
- heart volume
- orthostatic tolerance
- exercise tolerance
- bone mineral density
1 MET =
3.5 mL/kg/min
During exercise, there is a/an ________ in vagal stimuli as well as an increase in ____ stimulation.
decrease, SNS
Cardiovascular response to exercise:
SNS response:
- peripheral vasoconstriction in nonexercising muscles
- increased myocardial contractility (force)
- increased heart rate (SA depolarization increase)
- increased systolic blood pressure
- increase and redistribution in cardiac output
- decrease in vagal stimuli
Respiratory response to exercise occurs before exercise begins. (T/F)
True