CHAPTER 7 Flashcards
- Refers to a broad spectrum in which humans display their sexuality.
- Consists of the actions that relate to sex, reproduction, and satisfaction through stimulation of sexual organs.
THE SEXUAL SELF
- Defined as any activity – solitary, between two persons or in a group – that induces sexual arousal.
- The inherited sexual response patterns.
- The degree of restraint or other types of influence exerted on the individual by society in the expression of his sexuality.
Human Sexual Behavior
- The most important part of male reproductive organ
- Source of spermatozoa (male germ cell)
Testis
- A sac of skin where the two testes are enveloped; directly below and outside of the abdomen
Scrotum
- A gland that carries out both urine and seminal fluid.
- Connected by sperm ducts from sperm ducts joining into single tuber celled urethra.
- Urethra then leads to the outside of the body.
Prostate glands
- Where the ejaculation occurs by sending sperm cell from testis and secrete out.
Penis
- It is a male gamete, one that necessary for the egg to develop and become a baby.
Sperm
- A pair of small, oval organs which produces oba (ovum: female germ cells)
- Thousand of ova will mature and will be taken up to fallopian tube through the uterus of the time of puberty.
Ovary
- Pair of thin tubes that leads from ovaries to the uterus.
Fallopian Tube
- A tube leading to outside of the body through an opening called the vulva
Vagina
- Womb; a hollow pear-shaped elastic muscular structure where fertilized ovum (zygote) develops into a baby.
Uterus
READ!!!!!!!!!!!!
During the sexual intercourse, the semen from male is discharged in the vagina.
The sperms will begin moving up to the uterus reaching the fallopian tube.
During the travel most of the sperms will die while climbing up the fallopian tube, only one sperm will enter the ovum and can remain alive for only 12 hours.
In this time, if it meets ovum which will lead to fertilization. This zygote (fertilized egg) will form in an embryo from which will enter gestation period. It is around 9 months in time for the woman to give birth.
These are part of the body that particularly sensitive to touch, pressure and vibration which contributes to sexual arousal.
Identifying erogenous zone (“hot spots”) gives different reaction and effect to a person.
Female and male erogenous zone are reproductive organ (vagina, penis, scrotum & clitoris), mouth (lips), neck, breast (nipples) and ears.
Erogenous Zone
Phases of Sexual Response:
- Arousal Phase
- Excitement Phase
- Plateau Phase
- Orgasm Phase
- Resolution Phase
- subjective sense of sexual pleasure
- Male – penile tumescence (erection)
- Female – vasocongestion (vaginal lubrication and nipple erection)
- Arousal Phase
- which can last from a few minutes to several hours,
include the following:
Muscle tension increases.
Heart rate quickens
Skin may become flushed (blotches of redness appear on the chest and back).
Nipples become hardened or erect.
Blood flow to the genitals increases, resulting in swelling of the woman’s clitoris and labia minora (inner lips), and erection of the man’s penis.
Vaginal lubrication begins.
The woman’s breasts become fuller and the vaginal walls begin to swell.
The man’s testicles swell, his scrotum tightens, and he begins secreting a lubricating liquid.
- Excitement Phase
- which extends to the brink of orgasm, include the
following:
The vagina continues to swell from increased blood flow, and the vaginal walls turn a dark purple.
The woman’s clitoris becomes highly sensitive (may even be painful to touch) and retracts under the clitoral hood to avoid direct stimulation from the penis.
Breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure continue to increase.
Muscle spasms may begin in the feet, face, and hands.
Muscle tension increases.
- Plateau Phase
- the climax of the sexual response cycle.
- It is the shortest of the phases and generally lasts only a few seconds. General characteristics of this phase include the following:
- Involuntary muscle contractions begin.
- Blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing are at their highest rates, with a rapid intake of oxygen.
- Muscles in the feet spasm.
- There is a sudden, forceful release of sexual tension.
- In women, the muscles of the vagina contract. The uterus also undergoes rhythmic contractions.
- In men, rhythmic contractions of the muscles at the base of the penis result in the ejaculation of semen.
- Orgasm Phase
- where the decrease of arousal (particularly in male) happens.
- the body slowly returns to its normal level of functioning, and swelled and erect body parts return to their previous size and color.
- Genitals resume their unaroused state and shape; blood pressure, breathing and heart rate return to normal.
- Women are capable of a rapid return to the orgasm phase with further sexual stimulation and may experience multiple orgasms.
- Men need recovery time after orgasm, called a refractory period, during which they cannot reach orgasm again
- Resolution Phase
- a sexual attraction and behavior directed to other sex. More than male-female intercourse, it involves kissing, petting, caressing, massaging and other form of sexual activities.
Heterosexuality
is a romantic and/or sexual attraction between members of same sex.
Homosexuals
are person who can be romantically or sexually
attracted to same sex and the other sex.
Bisexuals
___________ preference for a terminology refer not only to their sexual preference but also as Gender preference. These by which refer to a broader array of attitudes and lifestyle of the individual than the sexuality itself.
Gays and Lesbian
- These are people who believed they were born with the body of the other gender.
- Transsexuals sometimes seek sex exchange operations, which undergo several steps such as intensive sexual counseling, hormone injections, living as member of desired sex for several years, surgery.
Transsexuality
- These are people who view themselves as a third gender, they are transvestites (who wears clothes of the other gender) or those who believed that traditional male-female classifications inadequately characterized them.
Transgenderism
- are type of birth control that depend with observations on woman’s body
Abstinence
Calendar method
Lactation amenorrhea
Coitus interruptus
Natural Contraception
- diverse method of contraception using to prevent conception of a woman.
Oral contraception
Transdermal patch,
Vaginal ring
Subdermal implants
Hormonal injection,
Intrauterine device (IUD)
Chemical barriers
Diaphragm
Cervical cap
Male and female condom
Surgical methods
(vasectomy and tubal ligation).
Artificial Method
- Rate of Failure: 0%
- Most effective way of birth control.
- Done thru abstaining from sexual intercourse.
- It is also the most effective way to avoid STIs.
Abstinence
- Rate of failure: 25%
- Also called as the Rhythm Method.
- It involves avoiding coitus during the days that the woman is fertile.
Calendar Method
- Rate of failure: 9-25%
- Done by monitoring the changes in the woman’s temperature every morning before any activity.
- A slight increase and decrease in her temperature will be her sign of ovulation (fertile).
- This period the woman must abstain from mating for the next three days.
Basal body temperature
- Rate of failure: 25%
- Here the basis is the changes in the cervical mucus during the ovulation.
- According to this method a woman is fertile when the cervical mucus is profuse and watery.
Cervical Mucus Method
- Rate of failure: 2%
- It is a combination of Basal Body Temperature (BBT) and Cervical Mucus Method.
Symptothermal Method
- Rate of failure – 2%
- It is an over-the-counter kit that requires a urine specimen to detect the Luteinizing Hormone (LH) to predict ovulation.
Ovulation Detection
- This is exclusive for breastfeeding woman. Thus, it should be noted that the woman is advise to choose other method after period of three months or if the mother is not exclusively breastfeeding or is using formula drink for the baby.
Lactation Amenorrhea Method
- Rate of failure – 75%
- The oldest method of contraception.
- This is where the couple proceeds with coitus but the moment he ejaculates, the men withdraw before emit spermatozoa outside of the vagina.
Coitus Interruptus
- It is known as the “Pill”.
- Contains synthetic estrogen and progesterone.
- It is recommended to take the pill on the first Sunday after the beginning of the menstrual flow.
Oral Contraception
- It is a patch applied in the following areas; upper outer arm, upper torso, abdomen or buttocks for three weeks
Transdermal Patch
- Releases a combination of estrogen and progesterone and surrounds the cervix.
- It remains in there for 3 weeks.
- It was removed on the fourth week as menstrual period flows.
- The woman becomes fertile as soon as the ring is removed.
Vaginal Ring
- It is a two rod-like implants under the skin of the woman during her menstruation or on the 7th day of her menstruation to make sure that she will not get pregnant.
- It contains etonogestrel, desogestrel and progestin. Have a 1% failure
Subdermal Implants
- This injection prevents ovulation and cause change in the cervical mucus.
- It has an almost 100% effectiveness. And one of the most popular choice for birth control.
Hormonal Injections
- It is a small T-shaped object inserted in uterus thru vagina to prevent fertilization.
- It is done only by a physician right after the woman’s menstruation to be sure that she is not pregnant.
Intrauterine Device (IUD)
- These are used to cause death of the sperm before it can enter the cervix of the woman.
- These are spermicides, vaginal gels and creams, and glycerin films
Chemical Barriers
- Inhibits the entrance of into the vagina.
- It should not be left in place for more than 24hours to avoid irritation. It has a failure rate of 16%.
Diaphragm
is a synthetic rubber sheath that is placed in the erect penis before penetration to avoid the sperm to enter the vagina during the ejaculation
Male Condom
is also a synthetic rubber placed against the vaginal opening to prevent the sperm to enter the vaginal during the ejaculation.
Female Condom
is a procedure done to male through small incision made on each side of the scrotum to block the passage of sperms.
Vasectomy
is a procedure done to female through cutting, cauterizing, or blocking the fallopian tube to inhibit the passage of both sperm and the ova.
Tubal Ligation
Surgical Method:
Vasectomy
Tubal Ligation
