Chapter 7

Question 1

Person centered emphasizes (3)

Answer 1

Personal characteristics of the counselor ​
Quality of the therapeutic relationship​
Person’s capacity for self-directed growth if involved in a therapeutic relationship

Question 2

Person centered challenges (3)

Answer 2

1. Assumption that “the counselor knows best”​
2. Validity of advice, suggestion, persuasion, teaching, diagnosis, and interpretation​
3. Belief that clients cannot resolve their own problems without help

Question 3

Evidence-based approach developed by Leslie Greenberg​

Answer 3

Emotion-Focused Therapy

Question 4

Emotional change can be a primary pathway to cognitive and behavioral change. Rooted in a person-centered philosophy but synthesizes aspects of Gestalt and Existential therapies

Answer 4

Emotion-Focused Therapy

Question 5

Core characteristics of self-actualizing people are:

Answer 5

Self-awareness; freedom; basic honesty and caring; and trust and autonomy

Question 6

Pioneer in humanistic psychology, contributed Positive Psychology and Hierarchy of needs

Answer 6

Abraham Maslow

Question 7

3 therapist attributes that create a growth-promoting climate

Answer 7

Congruence (genuineness or realness); unconditional positive regard (acceptance and caring); accurate empathic understanding

Question 8

The following six conditions are necessary and sufficient for personality changes to occur:

Answer 8

1. Two persons are in psychological contact.​
2. The first, the client, is experiencing incongruence.​
3. The second person, the counselor, is congruent or integrated in the relationship.​
4. The counselor experiences unconditional positive regard or real caring for the client.​
5. The counselor experiences empathy for the client’s internal frame of reference and endeavors to communicate this to the client.​
6. The communication to the client is, to a minimal degree, achieved.

Question 9

Key figure of Expressive Arts Therapy

Answer 9

Natalie Rogers

Question 10

This person opened the field to research

Answer 10

Carl Rogers

Question 11

Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 11

1. Physiological
2. Safety
3. Belonging and love
4. Need for esteem (self and others)
5. Self actualization

Question 12

Captured by the acorn metaphor, will automatically grow in positive ways, pushed toward its actualization

Answer 12

Humanistic Philosophy