Chapter 4 Flashcards
Serve the purpose of the survival of the individual and the human race
Life instincts
The Demanding Child, Ruled by the pleasure principle, entirely unconscious
THE ID
The Traffic Cop, Ruled by the reality principle, moderator, mostly conscious
THE EGO
The Judge, Ruled by the moral principle, both in conscious and unconscious
THE SUPEREGO
Root of all forms of neurotic symptoms and behaviors
Unconscious
Fear of danger from the external world
Reality Anxiety
Fear that person will do something for which they will be punished
Neurotic anxiety
Fear of one’s conscience
Moral anxiety
Freud’s Psychosexual Stages: First year
Oral
Freud’s Psychosexual Stages: 1-3
Anal
Freud’s Psychosexual Stages: 3-6
Phallic
Freud’s Psychosexual Stages: 6-12
Latency
Freud’s Psychosexual Stages: 12-60+
Genital
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages: First year
Infancy
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages: 1-3
Early Childhood
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages: 3-6
Preschool Age
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages: 6-12
School Age
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages: 12-18
Adolescence
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages: 18-35
Young adulthood
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages: 35-60
Middle age
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages: 60+
Later life
Stages are basic psychological and social tasks to be mastered from infancy through old age
Erikson’s psychosocial stages
This person’s theory of development holds that psychosexual and psychosocial growth take place together
Erikson’s
According to Ericson, during each psychosocial stage, we face a specific ______ that must be resolved in order to move forward
crisis
Goal is to make the unconscious conscious and strengthen the ego so that behavior is based on reality
Psychoanalysis
This approach fosters transference
Blank-screen approach
Refers to the client’s tendency to view the therapist in terms that are shaped by his or her experiences with important caregivers and other significant figures who played important roles during the developmental process.
Transference relationship
Process consists of repetitive and elaborate explorations of unconscious material, originated in early childhood.
Working-through
Places central importance on psychological changes associated with midlife
Jung
Development of conscious attitudes and behaviors that are diametrically opposed to disturbing desires
Reaction formation
Lustful, aggressive, or other impulses are seen as being possessed by “those people out there, but not by me.”
Displacement
Energy is diverted into socially acceptable and sometimes even admirable channels (ex. aggressiveness into athletic activities)
Sublimation
Taking in the values and standards of others
introjection
Identification with successful causes, organizations, or people in the hope that you will be perceived as worthwhile
Identification
Masking perceived weaknesses or developing certain positive traits to make up for limitations
Compensation
Credited with bring social factors to contemporary psychoanalysis
Erikson
Typical basis of contemporary psychoanalysis; doesn’t deny the role of intrapsychic conflicts but emphasizes the striving of the ego for mastery and competence throughout the human life span; deals with both early and later developmental stages
Ego psychology
Oral stage (F) and trust vs mistrust (E)
Infancy
Anal stage (F); autonomy vs. shame and doubt (E)
1-3 (early childhood)
Phallic stage (F); initiative vs guilt
3-6 (preschool age)
Latency stage (F); industry vs inferiority (E)
6-12 (school age)
Genital stage (F); identity vs role confusion
12-18 (adolescence)
Freedom to love and to work (F); intimacy vs isolation (E)
18-35 (young adulthood)
Generativity vs stagnation
35-60
Integrity vs despair
60+
2 Goals of Freudian psychoanalysis
Make the unconscious conscious and to strengthen the ego so that behavior is based more on reality and less on instinctual cravings or irrational guilt
Emerged as a way of shortening and simplifying the lengthy process of classical psychoanalysis
Psychodynamic psychotherapy
Anything that works against the progress of therapy and prevents the client from producing previously unconscious material
resistance
Concerned with investigating attachment and separation
Object-relations theory
That which satisfies a need
Object
Emphasizes how we use interpersonal relationships (self objects) to develop our own sense of self
Self psychology (Kohut)
