Chapter 7 Flashcards
What is abnormality
A significant disturbance in cognition, emotional regulation, or behavior that indicates a dysfunction in mental functioning
Who is involved in the creation of the diagnostic categories in the DSM?
Task force
Published by the APA
Follows a medical model of psychopathology
What is a medical model
Each disorder is defined categorically and features a list of specific symptoms
What is a task force
Mental health professionals- mostly psychiatrics
Fairly homogeneous
Jerome Wakefield’s view of psychopathology
mental disorders are harmful mental dysfunctions. This is presented as a hybrid account, i.e., as incorporating both a value component (harm) and a factual component (dysfunction).
How the task force defines each disorder
Impacts reach search, clinicians, clients
DSM-1 and DSM-11
Similar in content
3 categories of disorders
Psychoanalytic in orientation
No specfic diagnosis criteria
Not empirically based
Three broad categories of disorders in the DSM-1&11
Psychoses- schizophrenia
Neurosis- depression, bipolar, anxiety
Character disorders- personality disorders
DSM-111
Relied on empirical data
Specific diagnostic criteria
Atheorethical
More extensive-265 new disorders
DSM-111 multiracial assessment system
Axis 1- episodic, short term
Axis 2- stable or long lasting
Axis 3- general medical conditions
Axis 4- environmental problems
Axis 5- global assessment of functioning scale
Dropped in the DSM 5
What are work groups
Composed of experts, each group focused on a particular area of mental disorders
Scientific review committee
Involved experts separate from the work group
International classification of organization
ICD primary way diseases are classified outside the US
Communication with the World Health Organization (WHO)
DSM-5 not DSM-V
Enables more frequent minor updates
DSM-5.1, DSM-5.2
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
Severe version of premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
Symptoms include affective lability, irritability or anger, depressed mood, anxiety/tension
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)
Frequent temper tantrums in children 6-18 years old
3 tantrums per week
Blow level of expected maturity
Binge eating disorder (BED)
Overindulges in food, but does not engage in compensatory behaviors
Once per week for three months
Hoarding disorder
Continual difficulty discarding possessions no matter how objectively worthless they are
Impairment in important areas
Major revisions in DSM-5
Slides 100 and 101
Changes made to the DSM-5-TR
Test revision
Prolonged Grief Disorder was added as a diagnosis
Suicidal Behavior and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury were added to the proposed criteria sets/conditions for further study section
Diagnostic Overexpansion
Concern that labeling difficult life experiences as mental illness
Criticisms of DSM-5 & DSM-5-TR
Diagnostic over expansion
Transparency of revision process
Membership of the work groups
Price
General Criticism of the DSM
Controversial Cutoffs- certain numbers
Cultural Issues- white men
Gender bias- some only one gender
Nonempirical influences- political and public influence
Categorical approach
Current approach
Individual has or does not have a given disorder
Certain disorder are categorical
Dimensional approach
The issue is not the presence or absence of symptoms, but where does an individual’s symptoms fall along a continuum?
