Chapter 11 Psychotherapy

Question 1

Hans Enyseck

Answer 1

People improve on their own and psychotherapy is of little benefit

Question 2

Meta analysis

Answer 2

Statistically combines the results of separate studies to create numerical representation of the effects of psychotherapy as tested across massive numbers of settings, therapists, and clients

Question 3

Hans Strupp

Answer 3

Tripartite Model
The client, therapist, and society
This is who should be consulted when researching psychotherapy outcomes

Question 4

Efficacy

Answer 4

The extent to which psychotherapy works in a controlled research study (in the lab)
Maximizes internal validity

Question 5

3 common features of efficacy studies

Answer 5

A well-defined group of clients
Manualized treatment guidelines
Random assignment of clients to control and treatment groups

Question 6

Effectiveness

Answer 6

The extent to which psychotherapy works in actual clinical settings (in the real world)
Has greater external validity

Question 7

3 common features of effectiveness studies

Answer 7

Include a wider range of clients
Allow for greater variability between therapists methods
May or may not include a control group for comparison

Question 8

What have efficacy studies concluded about psychotherapy

Answer 8

It works!
Psychotherapy is not a panacea (a solution for all difficulties)

Question 9

Transdiagnostic approach

Answer 9

One underlying factor can cause multiple disorders (the underlying factor is transdiagnostic)

Question 10

Unified protocol

Answer 10

Used for emotional disorders
-reducing negative thoughts
-prevent unhealthy ways of avoiding negative feelings
-teaching clients to tolerate unpleasant feelings when they are experienced
-encouraging behaviors that facilitate positive feelings

Question 11

Consumer Reports Study

Answer 11

Surveyed subscribers about their experiences with psychotherapy— found positive lasting effects for the majority of respondents

Question 12

Criticisms of the Consumer repots study

Answer 12

Potential sampling bias
How many would have improved without psychotherapy
How reliable and valid are clients own self-reports

Question 13

What is practice-oriented research

Answer 13

Increasing collaboration between researchers and practitioners

Question 14

The dodo bird verdict

Answer 14

Everyone has won and all must have a prize

Question 15

How could discrepancy therapies have such similar results?

Answer 15

All share some fundamental compentents or common factors
Different theapies benefit the same underlying mechanisms

Question 16

Types of common factors

Answer 16

Hope- therapists provide optimism
Attention- past attempted to ignore problems
Therapeutic relantionship alliance- partnership/connection

Question 17

Dianne chamberles argued against the idea that all forms of psychotherapy are equivalent— what has she worked to establish?

Answer 17

Prescriptive approach-specific therapy techniques
Manualized, evidence based treatment

Question 18

Stages of change model

Answer 18

Precontemplation stage
Contemplation stage
Preparation stage
Action stage
Maintenance stage

Question 19

Precontempaltion stage

Answer 19

No intention to change at all

Question 20

Contemplation stage

Answer 20

Aware that a problem exists, considering doing something to address it, but not ready to commit to any real effort in that direction

Question 21

Preparation stage

Answer 21

Intending to take action within a short time

Question 22

Action stage

Answer 22

Actively changing behavior and making notable efforts to overcome their problems

Question 23

Maintenance stage

Answer 23

Preventing relapse and retaining the gains made during the action stage

Question 24

What trends to experts predict will occur in psychotherapy in the near future

Answer 24

Psychotherapy via technology
Therapy approaches that are based on culture/diversity
Maindulness-based approaches to therapy
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Motivational interviewing

Question 25

Eclectic therapy

Answer 25

Selecting the best treatment for a given client based on empirical data from studies of the treatment of similar clients

Question 26

Integrative therapy

Answer 26

Blending techniques in order to create an entirely new, hybrid form of therapy