chapter 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

Priorities for social workers

A
  1. improve access services and supports
  2. Reduce stigma
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2
Q

Mental health and substance
use cross multiple systems
that receive different levels of
funding and are administered
in different ways across
different levels of government,
including:

A

Health care
social services
criminal justice systems

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3
Q

dual diagnosis

A

people struggling simultaneously with both substance use and mental health issues Substance use Mental health

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4
Q

Mental health and substance use
have impacts in both

A

private and
public sphere

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5
Q

Mental health and substance: They do not impact just the person facing the issue but also…

A

others in
their social ecology

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6
Q

“The capacity of each and all of us to
feel, think, act in ways that enhance
our ability to enjoy life and deal with
the challenges we face. It is a positive
sense of emotional and spiritual well-
being that respects the importance of
culture, equity, social justice,
interconnections and personal dignity”

A

Mental health

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7
Q

“Characterized by changes in how we
think, feel, and behave that are
associated with significant distress and
interfere with our ability to function at
school, work, and home”
Diagnosed by mental health providers
Example: Depression and Anxiety

A

Mental illness

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8
Q

True or false : People may have a diagnosed mental illness but still have strong mental health and experience positive emotions and functioning

A

TRUE

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9
Q

someone who does not have a diagnosed
mental illness cannot be experiencing emotions that are distressful and/or that interfere with their
functioning

A

False: the can experience emotions that are distressful and/or that interfere with their
functioning.

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10
Q

Complicated because the use of substances that can alter a person’s mood, cognition, or behavior is _________ in our society

A

common

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11
Q

Substance use includes substances that are:

A
  • Legal (e.g. alcohol, caffeine, cigarettes)
  • Illegal (e.g. heroin, meth)
  • Misused legally prescribed medications (e.g. Adderall)
  • Misused items outside of their designated use (e.g. “huffing gasoline”, whippets)
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12
Q

When the use of substances is chronic
and repetitive and begins to impair
one’s functioning, social relationships,
health, and life

A

substance misuse or abuse

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13
Q

are conditions that are diagnosed by
mental health professionals

A

substance use disorders

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14
Q

General considerations for substance abuse

A
  • cravings
  • Desiring to reduce or stop use but not being able to.
  • Using larger amounts of substances or for a longer period of time than intended.
  • using substances when it puts you in danger
  • Continuing to use substance even when it causes problems in relationships.
  • Neglecting responsibilities and other life activities
    due to substance use.
  • Developing withdrawal symptoms when you try to stop.
  • Developing a tolerance such that it requires more use to get desired effect
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15
Q

About 1 in 5 Canadians self-report that they are

A

flourishing and in excellent mental health

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16
Q

About 1 in 5 Canadians report a

A

mental illness or substance abuse disorder in any given year, most commonly mood and anxiety disorders

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17
Q

true or false: almost a third of people who experience mental illness or substance abuse issues experience them both

A

true

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18
Q

9 out of 10 Canadians who die by suicide have a

A

diagnosed mental illness or substance abuse disorder

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19
Q

Estimated that mental illness and substance abuse
cost Canadian society over $50 billion a year due to:

A

direct service costs
Economic impacts in the workplace
Decreased tax revenue

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20
Q

health care, income security, and social services for people facing these issues

A

direct service costs

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21
Q

decreased productivity (presenteeism), absenteeism, workplace injuries, etc. which resulted in

A

reduced revenue for employers

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22
Q

loss of tax revenue for the
government when people cannot work due to
mental illness or substance abuse issues

A

Decreased tax revenue

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23
Q

Caregiving costs:Due to the chronic and
unpredictable nature of mental
illness and substance abuse, family
members often have to

A

take time from work to care for family
members experiencing these
issues

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24
Q

Due to the criminalization of some substances as well as criminal justice system responses that focus on ______ rather than ______approaches to both mental illness and substance use (especially for racialized, poor, and Indigenous peoples) there are also significant criminal justice system costs

A

punitive rather than rehabilitative

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25
Q

Rather, the primary response for dealing with
excessive and public drunkenness was

A

incarceration

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26
Q

substance abuse was the result of

A

low moral character

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27
Q

Because it was believed that excessive substance use was the result of low moral character, it was
believed that the only way to address it was

A

to limit the source and deter use through punishment (jail time)

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28
Q

structural issues and injustices also contribute
to

A

trauma

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29
Q

trauma can cause

A

mental health and substance issues

30
Q

people with race, class, and ability privilege

A

Empathy and rehabilitation

31
Q

people with disabilities,
poor people, racialized people, and Indigenous
people

A

Fear and criminalization:

32
Q

Mental health and substance use services are covered when they are provided by

A

physicians or hospitals

33
Q

Pre-confederation through
the early 1900’s, public
responses to both mental
illness and substance use
were framed by a concern
with:

A

Morality, and social control

34
Q

Post WW2

A
  • Advances in the field of psychology + birth of
    Alcoholics Anonymous movement
  • Rejection of idea that mental health issues
    and substance use are about moral failings
  • Embrace of the “disease model”
  • Soldiers returning after WWII with urgent
    mental health and substance use concerns
  • Increased empathy for those impacted and
    sense of public responsibility
  • Increased government investment in services
    (but not enough to meet the demand)
35
Q

Deinstitutionalization mouvement

A

Large scale move in the 1960’s-1970’s to close mental hospitals

36
Q

closing mental hospitals was driven by

A
  • Growing advocacy and recognition of the deplorable and inhumane conditions
    in many mental health institutions
  • Advances in pharmacological and psychiatric treatments which would allow
    individuals to be served in the community
  • Cost pressures
37
Q

result of closing the hospitals

A

people who were released from mental
institutions fell threw the cracks and ended up homeless, in poor housing, in prison, or back in mental hospitals

38
Q

integrated model highlights how people can move upward toward recovery and well-being along any of the four distinct but related continua

A

Harm reduction

39
Q

is a housing and harm reduction model that
argues that housing is a human right for all and should not be
contingent upon individual behavior (including the use of
substances or the management of mental health symptoms)

apid access to housing without
requiring people to first stop using drugs or other substances or
to first have their symptoms of mental illness under control

A

Housingfirst

40
Q

efforts to reduce the negative impacts from the use of illegal drugs and other substances without requiring abstinence”

A

harm reduction

41
Q

Examples of harm reduction policies:

A
  • Needle exchange programs
  • Supervised consumption sites
  • Substitution therapies that substitute safer drugs for
    more harmful ones (ex: methadone for heroin)
42
Q

Stressed pragmatic benefits
* People will use drugs anyway, so it’s beneficial to
reduce the risk to them and to others by providing
the mechanisms for them to do so safely

A

Public health

43
Q
  • Stressed the human rights of people who use
    substances, specifically the right to self-determination
  • People have the right to make choices without the risk of stigma, punishment, or censure
    Activism
A

Activism

44
Q

___________ are at the forefront of developing
innovative and evidence-based practices to reduce
substance-related harm. Harm reduction principles
are congruent with _______________, which
promote a ___________ approach to substance use, recognizes self-determination, perceive that outcomes are in the hands of people who are living. substance use problems, and provide options in a
non-coercive way”

A

Social workers, social work values , non judgemental

45
Q

People with substance use and mental illnesses

A

over- represented among the homeless population

46
Q

is a housing and harm reduction model that
argues that housing is a human right for all and should not be contingent upon individual behavior (including the use of substances or the management of mental health symptoms)

A

Housing First

47
Q

Housing First provides

A

rapid access to housing without
requiring people to first stop using drugs or other substances or to first have their symptoms of mental illness under control

48
Q

participants in At
Home/Chez Soi were more likely to

A

get and keep housing and to improve their over-all quality of life”

49
Q

As the number of deaths from
the opioid crisis have climbed

A

the case for stronger harm
reduction policies has gained
momentum.

50
Q

Both activists and
public health specialists argue
that supervised consumption
sites and needle exchanges do

A

not go far enough and are
calling for decriminalization

51
Q

Not a single approach but a set of principles and policies grounded in harm reduction.
Recognizes the specific harms that result not solely from use but also specifically with criminal justice system involvement as a result of substance use

A

DECRIMINALIZATION

52
Q

was developed through consultations with thousands of canadians and hundreds of stakeholders groups and through careful review of the latest research and the experiences of the other countries in developing national mental health strategies. In order to respond to the needs of people with mental illness but to also be meaningful for all people in canada, the strategy rests upon a paradigm shift in mental health policy toward not just recovery but well-being also

A

Mental health strategy for canada

53
Q

a comprehensive, collaborative, compassionate and evidence based approach to drug policy

A

Canadian drugs and substance strategy
prevention
treatment
harm reduction
enforcement

54
Q

preventing problematic drug and substance use

A

prevention

55
Q

supporting innovative approaches to treatment and rehabiliation

A

treatment

56
Q

supporting measures that reduce the negative consequances of drug and substance use

A

harm reduction

57
Q

addressing illicit drug production, supply and distribution

A

enforcement

58
Q

envisions suicide prevention as a shared national regional and community wide effort that engages individuals, families, and communities.

A

NATIONAL INUIT SUICIDE PREVENTION STRATEGY (NISPS)

59
Q

Risk Factors (nisps) :impacts of colonialism, residential schools, relocations and dog slaughter

A

historical trauma

60
Q

Risk Factors (nisps) : social inequalities including crowded housind, food insecurity, lack of access to services

A

community distress.

61
Q

Risk Factors (nisps) : intergentational trauma, family violence, family history of suicide

A

wounded family

62
Q

Risk Factors (nisps): experiencing acute or toxic stress in the womb, witnessing or experiencing physical or sexual abuse

A

traumatic stress and early adversity

63
Q

Risk Factors (nisps) : depression, substance misuse, mental health disorder, self-harm

A

mental distress

64
Q

Risk Factors (nisps) recent loss, intoxication, acess to means, hopelessness, isolation

A

acute stress or loss

65
Q

protective factors (nisps): strongly grounded in unnuit languages

A

cultural continity

66
Q

protective factors (nisps): adequate economic, educational, health and other resources support and foster resilience

A

social equity

67
Q

protective factors (nisps): safe, supporting and nurturing homes

A

family strength

68
Q

protective factors (nisps): providing children with safe environments that nurture social and emotional development

A

health development

69
Q

protective factors (nisps): acess to inuit-specific mental health services and supports

A

mental wellness

70
Q

protective factors (nisps): ability to cope with distress, access to social supports and resouces

A

coping with acute stress