CHAPTER 7

Question 1

is a model of software deployment where an application is hosted as a service provided to customers over the Internet. SaaS reduces the customer’s need for software maintenance, operation, and support.

Answer 1

Software as a Service

Question 2

describe a second generation of the Web that will enable people to collaborate, interact, and share information much more effectively.

Answer 2

Web 2.0

Question 3

refers to the cloud symbol that indicates a network, or the Internet.

Answer 3

cloud computing

Question 4

is the transfer of information systems development, operation, or maintenance to an outside firm that provides these services, for a fee, on a temporary or long-term basis.

Answer 4

Outsourcing

Question 5

firm that offers outsourcing solutions

Answer 5

service provider

Question 6

Two popular outsourcing options

Answer 6

APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDERS & INTERNET BUSINESS SERVICES

Question 7

application service provider (ASP) is a firm that delivers a software application, or access to an application, by charging a usage or subscription fee.

Answer 7

APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDERS

Question 8

provide powerful Web-based support for transactions such as order processing, billing, and customer relationship management.

Answer 8

INTERNET BUSINESS SERVICES

Question 9

Outsourcing Fees involves…

Answer 9

fixed fee model, subscription model & usage model or transaction model

Question 10

uses a set fee based on a specified level of service and user support.

Answer 10

fixed fee model

Question 11

has a variable fee based on the number of users or workstations that have access to the application.

Answer 11

subscription model

Question 12

charges a variable fee based on the volume of transactions or operations performed by the application.

Answer 12

usage model or transaction model

Question 13

refers to the practice of shifting IT development, support, and operations to other countries.

Answer 13

Offshore outsourcing, or global outsourcing

Question 14

choice between developing versus purchasing software often

Answer 14

make or buy, or build or buy decision.

Question 15

Companies that develop software for sale

Answer 15

software vendors.

Question 16

firm that enhances a commercial package by adding custom features and configuring it for a particular industry

Answer 16

value-added reseller (VAR)

Question 17

software package that can be used by many different types of organizations

Answer 17

horizontal application

Question 18

software package developed to handle information requirements for a specific type of business

Answer 18

vertical application

Question 19

Developing Software In-House

Answer 19

SATISFY UNIQUE BUSINESS REQUIREMENTS
MINIMIZE CHANGES IN BUSINESS PROCEDURES AND POLICIES
MEET CONSTRAINTS OF EXISTING SYSTEMS
MEET CONSTRAINTS OF EXISTING TECHNOLOGY
DEVELOP INTERNAL RESOURCES AND CAPABILITIES

Question 20

Purchasing a Software Package

Answer 20

LOWER COSTS
REQUIRES LESS TIME TO IMPLEMENT
PROVEN RELIABILITY AND PERFORMANCE BENCHMARKS
REQUIRES LESS TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT STAFF
FUTURE UPGRADES PROVIDED BY THE VENDOR
INPUT FROM OTHER COMPANIES

Question 21

utilizes standard business software, such as Microsoft Word or Microsoft Excel

Answer 21

user application

Question 22

responsible for providing user support

Answer 22

help desk, or information center (IC)

Question 23

Financial Analysis Tools

Answer 23

Payback analysis
Return on investment (ROI)
net present value (NPV)

Question 24

determines how long it takes an information system to pay for itself through reduced costs and increased benefits.

Answer 24

Payback analysis

Question 25

percentage rate that compares the total net benefits (the return) received from a project to the total costs (the investment) of the project.

Answer 25

Return on investment (ROI)

Question 26

total value of the benefits minus the total value of the costs, with both costs and benefits adjusted to reflect the point in time at which they occur.

Answer 26

net present value (NPV)

Question 27

contains the requirements for the new system, describes the alternatives that were considered, and makes a specific recommendation to management.

Answer 27

system requirements document, or software requirements specification

Question 28

defines what must take place, not how it will be accomplished.

Answer 28

logical design

Question 29

set of blueprints for the actual construction of a building.

Answer 29

Physical design

Question 30

build a system that satisfies business requirements. A successful system must be effective, reliable, and maintainable

Answer 30

systems design

Question 31

Design considerations usually involves:

Answer 31

USER CONSIDERATIONS
DATA CONSIDERATIONS
ARCHITECTURE CONSIDERATIONS

Question 32

USER CONSIDERATIONS

Answer 32

Carefully consider any point where users receive output or provide input.
Anticipate future needs.
Provide flexibility.

Question 33

DATA CONSIDERATIONS

Answer 33

Enter data as soon as possible.
Verify data as it is entered.
Use automated methods of data entry whenever possible.
Control data entry access and report all entries or changes to critical values
Log every instance of data entry and changes.
Enter data once.
Avoid data duplication.

Question 34

ARCHITECTURE CONSIDERATIONS

Answer 34

Use a modular design.
Design modules that perform a single function.

Question 35

produces an early, rapidly constructed working version of the proposed information system

Answer 35

Prototyping

Question 36

working version of the proposed information system

Answer 36

prototype

Question 37

commands tend to resemble natural statements that people use

Answer 37

fourth-generation language (4GL)

Question 38

the tools provide a framework for rapid, efficient software development

Answer 38

fourth-generation environment.

Question 39

architectural style whose goal is to achieve loose coupling among interacting software objects that provide services.

Answer 39

Service-oriented architecture (SOA)

Question 40

objects can interact, but are essentially independent.

Answer 40

Loose coupling