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Abver > chapter 6Integumentary system > Flashcards

chapter 6Integumentary system Flashcards

1
Q

what is an organ

A

two or more kinds of tissue groups together and preforming specialized functions that constitutes

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2
Q

what makes up the integumentary system

A

skin and various structure

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3
Q

function of the integumentary system

A 
Composed of several tissue types
 Maintains homeostasis
 Protective covering
 Retards water loss
 Regulates body temperature
 Houses sensory receptors
 Contains immune system cells
 Synthesizes chemicals 
 Excretes small amounts of wastes
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4
Q

outermost layer of the skin

A

epidermis

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5
Q

what is the epidermis composed of

A

stratified squamous epithelial

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6
Q

what is the inner layer of integumentary system

A

Dermis

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7
Q

what is the dermis cantain

A

Contains collagenous and elastic fibers

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8
Q

Subcutaneous layer (hypodermis) is beneath what

A

Beneath dermis

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9
Q

Subcutaneous layer is composed of what

A

Areolar and adipose C. T.

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10
Q

what dose the epidermis lack

A

blood vessel

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11
Q

what are the five layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum and stratum basale

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12
Q

location and characteristics Stratum corneum

A

L: outermost layer
C: many layer of Keratinized, dead epithelial cells that are flatten and non-nucleated

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13
Q

location and characteristic stratum lucidum

A

L: between stratum corneum and stratum granulosum on sloes and palms
C: Cells appear clear; nuclei, organelles, and cell membranes are no longer visable

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14
Q

location and characteristic stratum granulosum

A

L: Beneath the stratum corneum
C: three to five layers of flatten granular cells that contain shrunken fibers of keratin and shriveled nuclei

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15
Q

location and characteristic stratum spinosum

A

L: beneath the stratum granulosum
C: many layers of cell with centrally located, large, oval nuclei and developing fibers of keratin cells becoming flatten

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16
Q

location and characteristic stratum basale

A

L: Deepest layer
C: a single of cuboidal or columnar cells that divide and grow, this layer also includes melanocytes

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17
Q

what is 20-30 layers of dead, keratinized cells

A

Stratum corneum

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18
Q

what is the (mitotic layer and includes melanocytes

A

Stratum basale

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19
Q

these cells then harden in a process and composed of cell membrane of older cells

A

Keratinocytes

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20
Q

location of melanocytes

A

specialized cells in the epidermis

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21
Q

what dose melanocytes produce

A

melanin

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22
Q

what can influence skin color

A

genetic, environmental and physiological

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23
Q

genetic factors of skin

A

Varying amounts of melanin
Varying size of melanin granules
Albinos lack melanin

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24
Q

environmental factor of skin

A

Sunlight
UV light from sunlamps
X-rays

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25
Q

physiological factors of skin

A

Dilation of dermal blood vessels
Constriction of dermal blood vessels
Accumulation of carotene
Jaundice

26
Q

how the skin produce vitamin D

A

This inactive form is then modified by the liver and kidneys to become an active form of vitamin D that can be used to build strong bones and teeth

27
Q

what gives skin color and also absorbs UV light

A

Melanin

28
Q

what produces the dark pigment of melanin

A

Melanocytes located in the stratum basale

29
Q

the dermis is composed of what kind of tissue

A

dense irregular and areolar connective

30
Q

the dermis contains what kind of cells

A

Nerve cell processes
Specialized sensory receptors
Muscle cells

31
Q

what supplies epidermal cells with nutrients

A

Blood vessel

32
Q

The dermis has what kind follicle and what else

A

Hair follicles

Glands

33
Q

what are the two layer of the dermis

A

Papillary layer

Reticular layer

34
Q

what is a superficial and what type of tissue

A

papillary, Areolar

35
Q

what corpuscles are in the papillary layer

A

Meissner’s (tactile) corpuscles respond to light touch

36
Q

what makes the finger print

A

Dermal papillae here

37
Q

what accessory structure of the skin originates from epidermis

A

Nails
Hair follicles
Skin glands

38
Q

what is a nail plate

A

overlies the surface of the skin also known as the nail bed

39
Q

what is a nail bed

A

specialized epithelial cells continuous with the epithelium of the skin

40
Q

what is a lunula

A

whitish, thicken, half-moon-shaped region. most active growing region

41
Q

what are hair follicles composed of

A

Epidermal cells

42
Q

what develop in a tube- like depression

A

hair follicle

43
Q

three part that extend into the dermis of hair follicles

A

:
Hair root
Hair bulb
Hair shaft (dead, epidermal cells)

44
Q

hair color is do to what and amount

A

me

45
Q

functions of Arrector pili muscle

A

attaches to each hair follicles, it contracts, a short hair in the follicle stands on end

46
Q

what kind of gland associated with hair follicles

A

Sebaceous

47
Q

Sebaceous glands secrete what

A

Secrete sebum

48
Q

what other type of secretion is in the sebaceous glands

A

oblique

49
Q

what can sweet gland be called

A

sudoriferous glands

50
Q

what originates in the deeper Sebaceous glands

A

deeper dermis

or hypodermis

51
Q

description function location of Eccrine sweat glands

A

D: abundant sweat glands with odorless secretion
F: lower body temp
L: originate in deep dermis or subcutaneous layer and open to surface on forehead, neck, back

52
Q

description function location of Apocrine sweet glands

A

D: less numerous sweat glands with secretion that develop odors
F: wet skin during pain, fear, emotional upset and sexual arousal
L: near hair follicle in armpit and groin

53
Q

description function location of ceruminous sweat glands

A

D: D: modified sweat glands
F: secrete earwax
L: external acoustic meatus

54
Q

description function location of mammary sweat glands

A

D: modified sweat glands
F: secrete milk
L: Breast

55
Q

what is regulation of body temp

A

Regulation of body temperature is vitally important because even slight shifts can disrupt rates of metabolic reactions.
Skin plays a key role in the homeostatic mechanism that regulates body temperature.

56
Q

The primary means of heat loss is

A

Radiation:

57
Q

what is conduction

A

heat moves into a object that you are in contact with

58
Q

what is convection

A

heated air moves away from the body being replaced by cooler air

59
Q

what is evaporation

A

sweat is released onto the skins surface and evaporates carrying heat away from the surface

60
Q

what is radiation

A

infrared heat escapes from warmer surfaces

Abver (8 decks)

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