chapter 6 vocab Tadym Mason Flashcards
What is a product?
A substance that forms in a chemical reaction
What is a reactant?
A substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction
What is chemical energy?
The energy released when a chemical compound reacts to produce new compounds
What is exothermic reaction?
A chemical reaction in which heat is released to the surroundings (a fire or candle burning)
What is endothermic reaction?
A chemical reaction that requires heat (sweating)
What is synthesis reaction?
A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound
What are decomposition reactions?
A reaction where a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substances
What is electrolysis?
The process in which an electric current is used to produce a chemical reaction, such as the decomposition of water
What is combustion reaction?
The oxidation reaction of an organic compound where what is released
What is single- displacement reaction?
A reaction where one element or radical takes place of another element or radical in a compound
What is double-displacement reaction?
A reaction in which a gas, a solid, or a molecular compound forms from the apparent exchange of atoms or ions between two compounds
What is oxidation-reduction reaction?
Any chemical change in which one species loses electrons and another species gains electrons. (Redox reaction)
What are radicals?
An organic group that has one or more electrons available for bonding
What does reduced mean?
Substances that accept electrons
What does oxidized mean?
Substances that give up electrons
What is a chemical equation?
A representation of a chemical reaction that uses symbols to show relationships between reactants and the product
What are mole ratios?
The relative number of miles of the substances required to produce a given amount of product in a chemical reaction
What is a coefficient?
A multiplier or factor that measures a property
What is the law of conservation of mass?
states that mass in an isolated system is neither created nor destroyed.
What is law of definite proportions?
states that a chemical compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass.
What is a catalysts?
The rate at which a chemical reaction without being consumed or changed
What is an enzyme?
A protein that speeds up metabolic reactions
What is a substrate?
A substance that lies beneath another substance that reacts with it
What is chemical equilibrium?
A state of balance in which the forward reaction equals the rate of reverse reaction and the concentrations of products and reactions remain unchanged
