Atoms and Periodic Table Tadym Mason Flashcards
What is a proton?
A particle that has a positive charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom
What is a nucleus?
The atoms central region which is made up of protons and neutrons
What is a neutron?
Particle that has no charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom
What is an electron?
Particle that has a negative charge
What is orbital?
Region in an atom where there is a high probability of finding electrons
What is valance electron?
An electron that is found in the outter shell of an atom and determines the atoms chemical properties
What is periodic law?
States that when elements are arranged this way, similarities in their properties will occur in a regular pattern.
What is a period?
A horizontal row of emergents in the periodic table
What is a group?
A vertical column of elements in the periodic table
What is a metal?
An element that is shiny and conducts heat and electricity well
What is a nonmetal
An element that conducts heat and electricity poorly
What is a semi conductor
An element that conducts electric current better than an insulator but not as well as a conductor does
What is an alkali metal?
Group 1 of the periodic table
What is an alkaline earth metal?
Group 2 of the periodic table
What is a transition metal?
Group 2-12 of the periodic table
What is a halogen?
Group 17 of the periodic table?
What is a noble gas?
Unready ice element. Group 18 of the periodic table
What is an ion?
A group of atoms that has lost or gained electrons and gains or loses energy
What is an atomic number
The number of protons an element has
What is a mass number?
The sum of numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
What is an isotope?
An atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element do but that has a different number of neutrons
What is atomic mass unit?
(Amu) unit for measuring mass of an atom or molecule
What is average atomic mass?
The weighted average of the masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element
What is a mole?
The SI unit used to measure the amount of substance who’s number of particles is the same as the number of atoms of carbon
What is Avogadro’s constant?
Equal to 6.022x10^23 mol; the number of particles in 1 mol
What is molar mass?
The mass of grams of 1 mol of a substance
Way of conversion factors?
A ratio that is derived from the equality of two different units and that can be used to convert from one unit to another
