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Hearing A+P > Chapter 6 - Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of structure; form

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2
Q

Physiology

A

The process or job performed by an anatomical structure; function

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3
Q

Transverse plane

A

Top and bottom

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4
Q

Saggital plane

A

Left and right

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5
Q

Coronal (frontal) plane

A

Front and back

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6
Q

Superior

A

Towards the top

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7
Q

Inferior

A

Towards the bottom

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8
Q

Anterior

A

Towards the front

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9
Q

Posterior

A

Towards the back

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10
Q

Lateral (distal)

A

Towards the side

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11
Q

Medial (proximal)

A

Towards the midline

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12
Q

Impedance

A

Opposition to the flow of sound

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13
Q

Afferent

A

Signal travels up

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14
Q

Efferent

A

Signal travels down

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15
Q

Pinna (auricle)

A

Visible portion of the ear, primary made of cartilage

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16
Q

External auditory meatus

A

Opening in the pinna that leads to the canal

17
Q

Ear canal

A

Leads to the tympanic membrane, 2-3 cm in length

18
Q

Epitheleal migration

A

skin growth in the ear canal moves outward; heals minor injuries and transports cerumen out of the EAM

19
Q

Umbo

A

region of maximum concavity

20
Q

Pars tensa

A

lower portion of TM where fibers are dense; is effective in transmitting sound

21
Q

Pars flaccida

A

upper portion of TM where fibers are more sparse; doesn’t transmit sound well

22
Q

Annulus

A

fibrous ring around the outside of the TM

23
Q

cone of light (reflection)

A

due to the concave shape of the TM; lack of it may indicate increased ME pressure or otitis media

24
Q

Head related transfer functions

A

how the torso, head, and pinna change the amplitudes and phases of the originating sound; they selectively attenuate and boost certain frequencies (generally boost around 2000-7000 Hz)

25
Q

Ossicular chain (ossicles)

A

3 small bones that transmit sound from the TM to the inner ear: malleus, incus, and stapes; 2-6 mm in length

26
Q

Manubrium

A

Embedded in the middle, fibrous layer of the TM; extends from the upper TM to the umbo

27
Q

Malleus Head

A

Connection to the incus; extends upward into the epitympanic recess

28
Q

Incus Head

A

Connection to the malleus

29
Q

Lenticular process

A

Connection to the stapes; the end sits squarely on the head of the stapes

30
Q

Stapes Head/Neck

A

Connection to incus

31
Q

Crura

A

one anterior and one posterior (longer and thinner to aid in rocking motion)

32
Q

Footplate

A

sits in the oval window of the cochlea

33
Q

Stapedius

A

holds stapes; contracts during speaking

34
Q

Tensor Tympani

A

holds malleus; contracts during chewing

35
Q

Acoustic Reflex

A

contraction of the middle ear muscles due to a loud sound; neural reflex involving the processing of sound by the inner ear, auditory nerve, and parts of the CNS

Hearing A+P (12 decks)

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