Chapter 6: The Skeleteal System

Question 1

What are the 5 shapes/types of bone?

Answer 1

1. Irregular
2. Short
3. Long
4. Flat
5. Sesamoid

Question 2

What are the 2 divisions of the Skelton?

Answer 2

Axial and Appendicular

Question 3

List the functions of bone.

Answer 3

-provide support adn anchorage point for soft body tissues
-protect vital organs
-act as lever when muscles contrac to move body
-stores mineral salts
Produces blood cells in red bone marrow
-stores fat in yellow bone marrow
Produced osteosarcoma hormne involved in insulin regulation

Question 4

What is the shaft of a long bone called?

Answer 4

Diaphysis

Question 5

What is the function of the hyaline cartilage covering joint surfaces at the epiphysis?

Answer 5

To reduce friction and absorb shock

Question 6

When the growth plate become ossified, what does it then become?

Answer 6

Epiphyseal line

Question 7

What a re the 4 cell types in bone?

Answer 7

1. Osteogenic
2. Osteoblasts
3. Osteocytes
4. Osteoclasts

Question 8

Which type of bone cell trapped in the matrix?

Answer 8

Osteocytes

Question 9

Which type of bone cells break down bone ?

Answer 9

Osteoclasts.

Question 10

What gives bone is flexibility?

Answer 10

Organic collagen

Question 11

What is the structural unit of bone called?

Answer 11

Osteons

Question 12

What is the function of Volkman’s Canal?

Answer 12

Connect 2 osteons.

Question 13

Where are interstitial lamellar found?

Answer 13

They lie between osteons which are remodeled areas of bone

Question 14

Where are circumferential lamellar found?

Answer 14

Follow the outline of bone on innermost and outermost surfaces

Question 15

Does spongy bone contain osteons?

Answer 15

NO.

Question 16

The formation of bone is ______.

Answer 16

Ossification

Question 17

What are the 3 stages when ossification occurs?

Answer 17

1. In fetus to form bony skeleton
2. Into early adulthood as growth in length of bone
3. Thorugout life as remodeling of bone and repair occurs

Question 18

What are the 2 types of ossification adn exaplint them?

Answer 18

1. Intramembranous Ossification: bone arises from fibrous CT

2. Endocondral Ossification: bone develops from existing hyaline cartilage

Question 19

What is osteoid?

Answer 19

Organic omcpoenents and collagen which is not yet mineralized

Question 20

How much of the body’s calciaum is stored in the bone?

Answer 20

99%

Question 21

Calcium concentration in the blood is regulated by what hormone produced by what gland?

Answer 21

Parathyroid hormone = parathyroid gland

Question 22

What hormone is released by the parafolliclcular cells in the thyroid gland?

Answer 22

Calcitonin