Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

EMT Class > Chapter 6 - The Human Body > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - The Human Body Flashcards

1
Q

Abdomen

A

The body cavity that contains the major organs of digestion and excretion. It is located below the diaphragm and above the pelvis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Acetabulum

A

The depression on the lateral pelvis where its 3 component bones join, in which the femoral head fits snugly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Adam’s Apple

A

a firm prominence of cartilage that forms the upper part of the larynx. It is more prominent in men than women. Also called the thyroid cartilage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

A

The nucleotide involved in energy metabolism; used to store energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

adrenal glands

A

Endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys that release adrenaline when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

adrenergic

A

Pertaining to nerves that release the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, or noradrenaline (such as adrenergic nerves, adrenergic response); also pertains to the receptors acted on by norepinephrine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

aerobic metabolism

A

Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

agonal gasps

A

Abnormal breathing pattern characterized by slow, gasping breaths, sometimes seen in patients in cardiac arrest.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

alpha-adrenergic receptors

A

Portions of the nervous system that, when stimulated, can cause constriction of blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

alveoli

A

[Club Aveoli!] The air sacs of the lungs in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

anaerobic metabolism

A

The metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen; the main by-product is lactic acid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

anatomic position

A

the position of reference in which the patient stands facing forward, arms at the side, with the palms of the hands forward.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

aorta

A

the main artery leaving the left side of the heart and carrying freshly oxygenated blood to the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

The portion of the skeletal system that comprises that arms, legs, pelvis, and shoulder girdle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

appendix

A

A small, tubular structure that is attached to the lower border of the cecum in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

arterioles

A

the smallest branches of arteries leading to the vast network of capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

articular cartilage

A

a pearly layer of specialized cartilage covering the articular surfaces (contact surfaces on the ends) of bones in synovial joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

atrium

A

one of the two upper chambers of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

automatic nervous system

A

the part of the nervous system that regulates functions, such as digestion and sweating, that are not controlled voluntarily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

axial skeleton

A

the part of the skeleton comprising of the skull, spinal column, and rib cage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ball-and-socket joint

A

a joint that allows internal and external rotation, as well as bending

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

beta-adrenergic receptors

A

portions of the nervous system that, when stimulated, can cause an increase in the force of contraction of the heart, an increased heart rate, and bronchial dilation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

biceps

A

the large muscle that covers the front of the humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

bile ducts

A

the ducts that convey bile between the liver and intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
blood pressure (BP)
the pressure that the blood exerts against the walls of the arteries as it passes through them
26
brachial artery
the major vessel in the upper extremities that supplies blood to the arm
27
brain
the controlling organ of the body and center of consciousness; functions include perception, control of reactions to the environment, emotional responses, and judgment
28
brain stem
the area of the brain between the spinal cord and cerebrum, surrounded by the cerebellum; controls functions that are necessary for life, such as respirations
29
capillary vessels
the tiny blood vessels between the arterioles and venules that permit transfer of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between body tissues and the blood.
30
cardiac muscle
the heart muscle
31
cardiac output (CO)
a measure of the volume of blood circulated by the heart in 1 minute, calculated by multiplying the stroke volume by the heart rate
32
carotid artery
the major artery that supplied blood to the head and brain
33
cartilage
the smooth connective tissue that forms the support structure of the skeletal system and provides cushioning between bones; also forms the nasal septum and portions of the outer ear
34
cecum
the first part of the large intestine, into which the ileum opens
35
central nervous system (CNS)
the brain and spinal cord
36
cerebellum
one of the three major subdivisions of the brain, sometimes called the little brain; coordinates the various activities of the brain, particularly fine body movements
37
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
fluid produced in the ventricles of the brain that flows in the subarachnoid space and bathes the meninges
38
cerebrum
the largest part of the three subdivisions of the brain, sometimes called the grey matter; made up of several lobes that control movement, hearing, balance, speech, visual perception, emotions, and personality
39
cervical spine
the portion of the spinal column consisting of the first 7 vertebrae
40
chordae tendineae
thin bands of fibrous tissue that attach to the valves in the heart and prevent them from inverting
41
chyme
the substance that leaves the stomach. it is a combination of all of the eaten foods with added stomach acids
42
circulatory system
the complex arrangement of connected tubes, including the arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins, that moves blood, oxygen, nutrients, carbon dioxide, and cellular waste throughout the body
43
clavicle
the collarbone; it is lateral to the sternum and anterior to the scapula
44
coccyx
the last three or four vertebrae of the spine; the tail bone
45
coronal plane
an imaginary plane where the body is divided into front and back planes
46
cranium
the area of the head above the ears and eyes; the skull. The cranium contains the brain
47
cricoid cartilage
a firm ridge of cartilage that forms the lower part of the larynx
48
cricothyroid membrane
a thin sheet of fascia that connects the thyroid and cricoid cartilages that make up the larynx
49
dead space
any portion of the airway that does contain air and cannot participate in gas exchange, such as the trachea and bronchi
50
dermis
the inner layer of the skin, containing hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels
51
diaphragm
a muscular dome that forms the undersurface of the thorax, separating the chest from the abdominal cavity. Contraction of this (and the chest muscles) brings air into the lungs. Relaxation allows air to be expelled from the lungs.
52
diastole
the relaxation, or period of relaxation, of the heart, especially of the ventricles
53
diffusion
movement of a gas from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
54
digestion
the processing of food and nourishes the individual cells of the body
55
dorsalis pedis artery
the artery of the anterior surface of the foot between the first and second metatarsals
56
endocrine system
the complex message and control system that integrates many body functions, including the release of hormones
57
ensymes
substances designed to speed up the rate of specific biochemical reactions
58
epidermis
the outer layer of skin, which is made up of cells that are sealed together to form a watertight protective covering for the body
59
epiglottis
a thin, leaf-shaped valve that allows air to pass into the trachea but prevents food and liquid from entering
60
epinephrine
a hormone produced by the adrenal medulla that has a vital role in the function of the sympathetic nervous system
61
esophagus
a collapsible tube that extends from the pharynx to the stomach; muscle contractions propel food and liquids through it to the stomach
62
expiratory reserve volume
the amount of air that can be exhaled following a normal exhalation; average volume is about 1200 mL in the average adult man
63
extension
the straightening of a joint
64
fallopian tubes
long, slender tubes that extend from the uterus to the region of the ovary on the same side and through which the ovum passes from the ovary to the uterus
65
femoral artery
the major artery of the thigh, a continuation of the external iliac artery. It supplies blood to the lower abdominal wall, external genitalia, and legs.
66
femur
the thighbone; the longest and one of the strongest bones in the body
67
flexion
the bending of a joint
68
foramen magnum
a large opening at the base of the skull through which the brain connects to the spinal cord
69
frontal bone
the portion of the cranium that forms the forehead
70
gallbadder
a sac on the undersurface of the liver that collects the bile from the liver and discharges it into the duodenum through the common bile duct
71
germinal layer
the deepest layer of the epidermis where new skin cells are formed
72
greater trochanter
a bony prominence on the proximal lateral side of the thigh, just below the hip joint
73
hinge joint
joints that can bend and straighten but cannot rotate; they restrict motion to one plane
74
hormones
substances formed in specialized organs or glands and carried to another organ or group of cells in the same organism; they regulate many body functions, including metabolism, growth, and body temp
75
hydrostatic pressure
the pressure of water against the walls of its container
76
hypoxic drive
a 'backup system' to control respiration; scenes drops in the oxygen level in the blood
77
inferior vena cava
one of the two largest veins in the body; carries blood from the lower extremities and the pelvic and the abdominal organs to the heart
78
inspiratory reserve volume
the amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation; the amount of air that can be inhaled in addition to the normal tidal volume
79
interstitial space
the space in between the cells
80
ischium
one of three bones that fuse to form the pelvic ring
81
joint capsule
the fibrous sac where two bones come into contact
82
lactic acid
a metabolic by-product of the breakdown of glucose that accumulates when metabolism proceeds in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic metabolism)
83
lesser trochanter
the projection on the medial/superior portion of the femur

EMT Class (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions