Chapter 6 Terms

Question 1

The doctrine established in Plessy v Ferguson (1896) that African Americans could constitutionally be kept in separate but equal facilities.

Answer 1

Separate-but-equal doctrine

Question 2

Classifications of people based on their race or ethnicity; laws so classifying people are subject to “strict scrutiny.”

Answer 2

Suspect classification

Question 3

The standard by which “suspect classifications” are judged. To be upheld, such a classification must be related to a “compelling government interest,” be “narrowly tailored” to achieve that interest, and use the “least restrictive means” available.

Answer 3

Strict scrutiny

Question 4

Racial segregation that is required by law.

Answer 4

De jure segregation

Question 5

Racial segregation that occurs in schools, not as a result of the law, but as a result of patterns of residential settlement.

Answer 5

De facto segregation

Question 6

Opposing a law one considers unjust by peacefully disobeying it and acting the resultant punishment.

Answer 6

Civil disobedience

Question 7

State power to effect laws promoting health, safety, and morals.

Answer 7

Police powers

Question 8

Making certain that people achieve the same result.

Answer 8

Equality of results

Question 9

Laws or administrative regulations that require a business firm, government agency, labor union, school, college, or other organization to take positive steps towards increasing the number of African Americans, other minorities, or women in its membership.

Answer 9

Affirmative action

Question 10

Using race or sex to give preferential treatment to some people.

Answer 10

Reverse discrimination

Question 11

Giving people an equal chance to succeed.

Answer 11

Equality of opportunity

Question 12

The rights of people to be treated without unreasonable or unconstitutional differences.

Answer 12

Civil rights