Chapter 6: sexual behavior Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Matthew Killingsworth and Daniel Gilbert of Harvard University, 2010 study about happiness?

A
  • 2,250 men and women agreed to be called at random times by an automated iPhone app that asked them what they were doing at the time and how happy there were.
  • People are happiest making love.
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2
Q

In Parks et al., 2021 study about singles’ sexual satisfaction is associated with more satisfaction with singlehood and less interest in marriage conclusion?

A
  • the more sexually satisfied you are, the more you are satisfied with life.
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3
Q

What did the Herbenick et al., 2010 National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior figure out about masturbation?

A
  • nearly 6,000 Americans that had engaged in masturbation, oral sex, coitus, or anal sex within the previous 12 months.
  • women and men between 25 to 29 = sex with a partner is more frequent.
  • sex with a partner usually makes people happy during the act itself and boosts it throughout the day.
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4
Q

How is the term masturbation defined?

A
  • sexual self-stimulation. sometimes also used to refer to manual stimulation of another person’s genitalia.
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5
Q

Masturbation in the Animal kingdom (Roth et al., 2023) hypotheses in non-human primate, human, and cross species indicate?

A
  • most of the time for males and females use it for self-cleaning purposes and to help stay aroused.
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6
Q

What is a jugum penis or pollutions ring?

A

anti masturbatory device developed in the 18th century

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7
Q

Does masturbation contribute to good health? (Rider et al., 2016)

A
  • frequent ejaculation, whether by solo or partner sex, is associated with an approximately 20% reduction in the risk of prostate cancer.
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8
Q

What did the data from the E. Laumann et al. 1994 report find about U.S. women and men who masturbated at least once in the previous 12 months? (NHSLS and NSSHB surveys)

A
  • men masturbate more than women
  • people over 50 (women more so) masturbate less than those in younger age groups.
  • the more educated a person, the more likely it is that they masturbate.
  • African Americans masturbate less than other ethnicities.
  • Women (but not men) who have a religious affiliation-especially as fundamentalist Protestant - masturbate less than women who have no religious affiliation.
  • people who lack a regular sex partner masturbate slightly more than people who have a partner.
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9
Q

What percentage do men and women reached orgasm through masturbation?

A
  • men = 82%
  • women = 61%
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10
Q

Can masturbatory guilt lead to severe psychopathology? (Aneja et al., 2015)

A
  • it is a thing but it needs more research.
  • in this case study three cases of masturbatory guilt are presented in whom masturbatory guilt was associated with manifestation of severe psychopathology.
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11
Q

What is the prostate stagnation hypothesis?

A
  • it may influence PCa development through a variety of specific mechanisms.
  • one biological mechanism involves prostatic accumulation of potentially carcinogenic secretions, which may create more opportunity for PCa development, sometimes referred to as the prostate stagnation hypothesis.
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12
Q

What is the relationship between masturbation and non-solo sexual activity? (Regnerus et al., 2017)

A
  • very little evidence exists for the relation between masturbation and sexual relationships.
  • two models of sexual behaviors are: compensatory and complementary.
  • one model is compensatory that is practicing masturbation to replace desired sexual relationships.
  • second model is complementary hypothesizes that a direct positive relation exists between both these sexual activities, and increasing the practice of one would be associated with an increase in the other.
  • however, for women it looks to serve a more complementary role in those who are partnered. and men tend to masturbate more if they are sexually unsatisfied.
  • also aligns with Hebernick et al., 2023)
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13
Q

What is the study (S. Andrea Miller and E. Sandra Byers, UNB) stereotype that women are much more into foreplay than men?

A

= foreplay duration for females = 18.93
= Foreplay duration for males = 18.10
- foreplay is linked to both sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction in women and men.

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14
Q

What is tribadism?

A

sexual behavior between two women who lie front to front and stimulate each other’s vulvas with thrusting motions.

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15
Q

What is fallatio?

A

sexual contact between the mouth of one person and the penis of another.

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16
Q

What is the multivariate analysis?

A
  • it showed that reaching orgasm frequently was positively correlated to the domain of ‘women liking sex’ and the partner performing foreplay.
  • negatively associated with having irregular menses, depression, stress, not liking sex, too little foreplay or after play, low frequency of sex, irregular frequency of sex, poor emotional relationship with the partner, and dissatisfaction with the partner’s erectile function, ejaculatory control, or penis size.
  • 83% reported that their partner performed foreplay
  • 48% found that the amount of foreplay to be adequate
  • 30% would prefer more
  • 5% would prefer less.
  • 44% of women said yes when asked if partner performs after play
  • 29% found it to be adequate
  • 11% would prefer more
  • 4% would prefer less.
  • women said (88%) foreplay was important or very important for sexual satisfaction.
  • 48% after play as important for sexual satisfaction.
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17
Q

What is some female masturbation techniques?

A

_ they vary widely, but generally focus on manual stimulation of the clitoris, possibly with help of vibrator, which is a great match for the sensory receptors we previously discussed.
- penetration and stimulation of other body areas (e.g., breasts) may also be involved.

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18
Q

What is the case of retarded ejaculation?

A
  • unmarried healthy male student presented for consultation because of his inability to ejaculate due to using a vacuum cleaner as a youth.
18
Q

What are the male masturbation techniques?

A
  • techniques are less varied.
  • some have suggested that lack of variation (‘death grip’) may negatively influence sexual functioning, but research on that topic is not extensive.
19
Q

What is the variety of non-penetrative sex acts involving touching?

A
  • outercourse
  • fondling, including necking, petting, and heavy petting, dry humping, and mutual masturbation.
20
Q

What is tribadism?

A
  • a woman who practices unnatural vice with herself or with other women.
  • among women, and frot among men.
21
Q

What is the discordance and misperception within heterosexual couples?

A
  • there’s a stereotype that women are much more into foreplay than men.
  • however, here, there ‘ideal’ foreplay duration was similar.
  • women estimated their male partners’ desired foreplay duration by about 5 minutes on average.
  • here foreplay and after play are linked to both sexual satisfaction and martial satisfaction in women..
  • as well as men..
22
Q

Who enjoys fellatio more?

A
  • men seem to like giving and receiving oral sex more than women.
23
Q

Do men use oral sex as an infidelity detector?

A
  • evolutionary speaking, do males perform oral sex to gather information about female partner’s recent sexual history?
  • this study compared oral sex and the degree to which males need to worry about ‘ sperm competition’ because of an attractiveness mismatch.
  • greater ‘recurrent risk’ (the worry about sperm competition) –> more interest in and longer time spent performing oral sex, while controlling for other factors.
  • this however failed in replication in 2022.
24
Q

In women’s sexual health, kamasutra in practice within the Czech Republic and their association with female coital orgasm potential, in lame in terms what positions give women orgasms? (Krejcova et al.)

A
  • Women prefered face to face w/ female above
  • as well as sitting face to face
  • least was kneeling/rear entry.
25
Q

In Frederick et al., 2017, they studied the degrees of sexual satisfaction among men and women who engaged in different numbers of acts of sexual variety in the past year.

A
  • 38,000+ cohabiting/married heterosexual men and women.
  • what the communication was like in the past month about their sexual relationship.
  • their sexual relationship within the first 3-5 years seemed more satisfactory and lessened as the reached years 6-10 and then plateaued staying relatively the same through to 20+ years.
26
Q

What is desire?

A
  • frequency and intensity of sexual thoughts and fantasies.
  • spontaneous + responsive
  • most measures only probe spontaneous desire
27
Q

What are the first-generation models of sexual functioning?

A

they were the arousal, plateau, orgasm, resolution model.

28
Q

What was the problem with this early model?

A
  • Artificial setting –> lab setting ignores interpersonal and relational issues important for understanding desire and arousal.
  • participant representativeness –> people who agree to have sex in a lab with a stranger while researchers watch differ from the general population in important ways.
  • participants selections bias –>only women with documented success of reaching an orgasm. only higher SES participants.
29
Q

What are some more modern models?

A
  • the incentive motivation model.
  • incentives like sexual stimulation, intimacy, bonding = desire, arousal, sexual activity.
30
Q

What is Basson’s Model

A

Neutral (non-sexual motivations like connection, and spontaneous desire like sexual thoughts, fantasies.) –> cues (sexual or intimacy) –> arousal –> Responsive desire –> Desire to continue sexual activity for sexual stimulation and/or intimacy –> emotional and/or physical satisfaction –> neutral.

31
Q

What are some theories of desire?

A
  • relational and bodily experiences theory (RBET)
  • Heteronormativity theory of low desire in women partnered with men.
32
Q

What is heteronormativity?

A

it involves the assumption that everyone is ‘naturally’ heterosexual as well as the most ideal, being superior to homosexuality or bisexuality.

  • heteronormativity –> inequitable division of labor, caregiver/mother role to partner, objectification, gender norms about sexual initiation, should all lead to ‘sexual desire.’
33
Q

Is there a such thing as a disordered desire?

A
  • many women don’t experience desire the way they think they should
  • many reasons to engage in sex beyond stimulation/arousal.
  • Are variations in experience of desire a problem?
34
Q

What is the DSM-5 diagnoses?

A
  • Sexual dysfunction falls into 4 categories: 1. desire disorders
    2, Arousal disorders, 3. orgasm disorders, 4. Pain disorders
  • Some specific to males and females (MHSDD+FSIAD)
  • FSIAD is a newer DSM disorder
  • often, distressing reductions in desire are noted when there is a discrepancy.
35
Q

What are the problems with the DSM-5 diagnoses with desire?

A
  • sex researchers disagree about definition and measurement
  • disagreements about diagnosis and treatment of desire dysfunction
  • Discordance between expectations and experience.
  • Arousal and desire constructs overlap
  • Linear model persists due to convenience.
36
Q

What are the themes of Shannon’s desire study?

A
  • Theme 1: physical sensations
  • Theme 2: Urge or Wanting
  • Theme 3: Embodiment, presence, or mindfulness.
  • Theme 4: Different headspace alternate Reality
37
Q

What are the themes for the manifestation of desire?

A

Theme 1: Spontaneous Desire
Theme 2: Responsive Desire

38
Q

What is the Miller et al., 2017 findings in pornography, preference for porn-like sex, masturbation, and men’s sexual and relationship satisfaction?

A
  • two samples of men
  • frequent pornography use was associated with sexual dissatisfaction, greater preference for porn like sex, and more frequent masturbation in both studies.
  • did not support the notion that pornography negatively impacts sexual or relationship satisfaction via preference for porn-like sex.
  • in fact, it may bolster sexual satisfaction by promoting sexual variety.
39
Q

What is the porn frequency diagram?

A

Porn consumption frequency, pornography as sexual information as well as directly from PCF to preferences for pornographic excitement then from Porn as sexual information to both preferences for pornographic excitement and valuation of sexual communication and both of those to sexual satisfaction.

40
Q

What is the DSM-5 diagnosis for intravaginal ejaculation latency time?

A
  • 5.4 minutes
  • persistent and recurrent ejac. pattern of IELT of 1 minute or less after vaginal penetration or before the desire of the individual.
    -duration of more than 6 months
  • causes clinically relevant stress.
41
Q

Do women’s relationship satisfaction and sexual functioning vary as a function of their male partner’s premature ejaculation symptoms?

A
  • Yes, the levels of desire, lubrication, decreases and then leads to less satisfaction and even pain due to feels of being less sexually satisfied.
42
Q

Do psychogenic erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation share a neutral circuit?

A
  • evidence from a fMRI systematic review and meta-analysis.
  • brainwise and otherwise, a lot of overlap with ED.
  • and very high comorbidity (meaning that it could be a result of more than one disease or issue.)
  • links with anxiety, depression, and sexual self-efficacy.
  • Anxiety –> P.E. –> Self-Efficacy–> Anxiety.