Chapter 6, Separation and Divorce

Question 1

How many marriages end in a 30 yr period

Answer 1

4 out of 10

Question 2

Civil Code of Lower Canada

Answer 2

original restrictive piece of legislation in Quebec that dictated that marriage can only be dissolved through death

Question 3

Doctrine of marital unity

Answer 3

meant that women lost most of their property rights, enduring a suspension of the independent existence of the wife, and an absorption by the husband of the woman’s person and all her belongings

Question 4

Feme sole

Question 5

Mother’s allowances after WWII

Answer 5

provided financial assistance for women with dependent children whose husbands were deceased or unable to support their families; EXCLUDED husbandless mothers or mothers who had been deserted

Question 6

What was the universally accepted reason for divorce before the Divorce Act in 1968?

Answer 6

Adultery

Question 7

1968 Divorce Act

Answer 7

revolutionized the legal framework in Canada by repealing all prior divorce laws in force, unified legal; approach that gave both spouses rights to pursue divorces based on adultery, convictions for sexual offenses, bigamy, mental over physical cruelty, a permanent breakdown resulting from 3 year separation and other conditions

Question 8

Reform of the Divorce Act in 1985

Answer 8

simplified the legal process to further allow for no-fault divorces after one year of separation; NO LONGER REQUIRED AN INJURED PARTY TO HAVE A COURT DECISION TO OBTAIN A LEGAL DIVORCE

Question 9

“No fault” divorce

Answer 9

didn’t lay the blame on either party, normalized divorce process

Question 10

Marital status changes in younger Canadians

Answer 10

more younger Canadians than ever are living as singles or have never married (50%), With a significant increase in common law relationships

Question 11

Problem with marriage and divorce data, Ian McKinnon

Answer 11

since diverse groups and growing proportion of Canadians have opted to form common law unions as an alternative to marriage, the data has lost some interpretive clarity, 2008 was the last consistent divorce data

Question 12

Myth of the “50%” divorce statistic

Answer 12

this statistic was pulled from US data and was over exaggerated in both cases, divorce rates are at 41%

Question 13

Social Learning Perspective

Answer 13

suggests that parents model for their children their responses to conflict and also carry these behaviors to future relationships and replicate their parents responses

Question 14

Childhood experiences and impacts on attitudes and prospects of marriage

Answer 14

impacts both: as well as the likelihood that their union will endure

Question 15

Life course perspective and marriage

Answer 15

stresses the principal of continual human development, the constraints of history and social circumstances, the timing of transitions and key events and the importance of linked lives and networks of shared relationships

Question 16

Things the life course perspective assesses

Answer 16

the degree to which familial changes occur over time, and the recursive effects of ongoing socialization experiences, the lessons learned along the way, and the behavioral responses to these changes
CHANGE IN FAMILY COMPOSITION/STABILITY = REFLECTS STRUCTURAL CONDITIONS = REFLECTS CULTURAL FORCES

Question 17

Integrated sociological perspective

Answer 17

socialization processes occur throughout ones lifetime, and that the multiple family configurations people experience should affect individuals attitudes/behaviours

Question 18

Nine most consistent predictors of divorce

Answer 18

-teen marriage
-poverty
-unemployment
-low education
-premarital cohabitation
-premarital fertility
-interracial marriage
-previous divorce
-parental divorce

Question 19

Cohabitation as a risk factor

Answer 19

risk factor even when controlling for other confounds

Question 20

Divorce effects on women

Answer 20

worse due to economic consequences; often didn’t work full time or at all while raising children, lack of work experience therefore inhibits their ability to rise economically

Question 21

Divorce effects on men

Answer 21

tend to be more immediate and center on access to children or frayed relationships with them

Question 22

Effects of family instability on children

Answer 22

problem behavior, worse health and emotional wellbeing, poorer socio-economic attainment and relationship stability later in life

Question 23

Single most important factor for ensuring healthy childhood adjustments and development

Answer 23

Effective parenting

Question 24

Simple stepfamilies

Answer 24

stepfamilies with one spouse whose children were born or adopted before the current union and living in the household

Question 25

Complex stepfamily

Answer 25

at least one parent has children from a previous union and new children in the current noon

Question 26

Effects of pandemic on divorce

Answer 26

created an exacerbated range of pre-existing conditions that heightened the risk for extramarital affairs and negative consequences that typically result

Question 27

Divorce Bug:

Answer 27

idea that divorce is contagious, when an immediate family member or friend gets a divorce, you’re 75% more likely to get one

Question 28

Social Fact:

Answer 28

Social Fact: in sociology, social facts are values, cultural norms, and social structures that transcend the individual and can exercise social control. The French sociologist Émile Durkheim defined the term, and argued that the discipline of sociology should be understood as the empirical study of social facts.

Question 29

“disenfranchised grief ”

Answer 29

While our understandings of widowhood following long-term same-sex unions and marriages is still limited, long-partnered but unmarried heterosexual and same-sex partners often experience what has been termed

Question 30

Places with highest divorce rates

Answer 30

Canada, US, Austra;oa. and New Zealand

Question 31

Multigenerational households men vs women

Answer 31

men are less likely to live in multigenerational households than women