CHAPTER 6. SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING IN THE CLASSROOM Flashcards
What does the following descrtiption refer to?
It was focused on two approaches:
Grammar Translation Approach: Emphasis on written language, rule learning, translating literary works.
Audiolingual Approach: Emphasis on oral language, repetitive drill, memorization.
Get it right from the begining
What does the following description refer to?
Based in part on the “comprehensible input hypothesis” (Krashen, 1985), Acquisition occurs when “comprehensible input” is available. Emphasis is on providing comprehensible input through listening and/or reading activities,
Just listen…and read.
What does the following description refer to?
the comprehensible output hypothesis (Swain, 1985), suggested that learners develop when they must produce language. Learners negotiate for meaning to express and clarify their thoughts in a way that leads to mutual comprehension.
Let’s talk.
What does the following description refer to?
Learners acquire a second or foreign language as they study subject matter thaught in that language.
Types of CBLT include inmersion, content and language integrated learning (CLIL), and bilingual education.
Get two for more (Content Based Language Teaching)
What does the following description refer to?
Pienemann (1988) and his colleges suggested that:
Some aspectos of language are best taught according to learners’ internal schedule. (i.e developmental features)
Other ascpects of language can be taught at any time (i.e variational features).
Instruction can not change the natural developmental course.
Important to assess leaerners’ development and teach what would naturally come next.
Teach what is teachable
What does the following description refer to?
The original purpose of this approach was to help students read literature rather than to develop fluency in the spoken language. lt was also thought that this approach provided students with good mental exercise to help develop their intellectual and academic abilities.
grammar translation approach
What does the following description refer to?
Evidence suggests that this approach does not correspond to the way that the majority of successful L2 learners have acquired their proficiency
Get it right from the beginning’
What does the following description refer to?
There is no support for the hypothesis that language acquisition will take care of itself if L2 learners focus exclusively on meaning/content
‘Just listen and read’ and ‘Get two for one’
What does the following description refer to?
Conversational interactions in group and paired activities can lead to increased fluency and the ability to manage conversations in the L2.
However, learners may make slow progress on acquiring more accurate and sophisticated language if there is no focus on form.
This is particularly the case in classes where learners share the same first language and learning backgrounds.
‘Let’s talk’
What does the following description refer to?
No strong evidence that teaching according to learners’ developmental level is necessary or desirable, or that it will lead to long-term benefits.
Most valuable feature about this proposal is that it helps teachers set realistic expectations about the way learners’ interlanguage may change in response to instruction and that ‘progress’ does not always appear as increased accuracy.
Teach what is teachable
What does the following description refer to?
Strong evidence that form-focused instruction within the context of communicative and content-based language teaching is more effective in promoting L2 learning than instructional approaches that are limited to an exclusive emphasis on accuracy, comprehension, or interaction.
Decisions about balancing form-focus and meaning-focus must take into account differences in learners’ characteristics (e.g. age, goals for learning, etc.)
Get it right in the end’
What does the following description refer to?
Is based on the hypothesis that language acquisition takes place when learners are exposed to comprehensible input through listening and/or reading.
Just listen … and read
What does the following description refer to?
emphasize the importance of access to both comprehensible input and
conversational interactions with teachers and other students. They argue that when learners are given the opportunity to engage in interaction, they are compelled to negotiate for meaning, that is, to express and clarify their intentions,
thoughts, opinions, etc., in a way that permits them to arrive at mutual understanding
Let’s talk
What does the following description refer to?
In content-based language teaching, learners acquire a second or foreign language as they study subject matter taught in
that language.
Get two for one
What does the following description refer to?
Manfred Pienemann (1988) and his colleagues have tried to explain why it often seems that some things can be taught successfully whereas other things, even after extensive or intensive teaching, seem to remain unacquired. Their research provides evidence that some linguistic structures, for example, basic word order in sentences (both simple and complex) develop along a predictable developmental path
Teach what is teachable
