Chapter 6 - Reinforcement Schedules: Experimental Analyses and Applications Flashcards
A partial reinforcement schedule is more resistant to extinction compared to a continuous reinforcement schedule. This phenomenon is known as the ___________________.
A) contingency trap
B) partial reinforcement effect
C) ordinate effect
D) disinhibitory effect
B) partial reinforcement effect
When the number of responses is important to a schedule of reinforcement, that schedule is called a ___________ schedule.
A) time- delayed
B) interval
C) ratio
D) conditioned
C) ratio
To be reinforced on a variable ratio 30 schedule (VR 30), the organism must respond ______________ for each reinforcement.
A) an average of once every 30 seconds
B) once every 30 seconds
C) an average of 30 times
D) exactly 30 times
C) an average of 30 times
To produce the most rapid learning of a NEW behavior, reinforcement should initially be provided on what reinforcement schedule?
A) variable interval (VI)
B) continuous (CRF)
C) fixed interval (FI)
D) variable ratio (VR)
B) continuous (CRF)
Tracy trains a rat to press a lever and then reinforces lever presses on a fixed ratio 5 (FR5) schedule when a red light is on, and a fixed interval 8” (FI 8”) schedule when a green light is on. In this case, since the rat must complete the requirement for two simple schedules in a fixed sequence, lever pressing is on a _______________.
A) redundant schedule
B) chained schedule
C) concurrent schedule
D) multiple schedule
C) concurrent schedule
Francisco is on a game show where he can win a trip to Europe if he is able to name 40 items that begin with the letter “E” in 15 seconds. This reinforcement schedule where a minimum number of responses is required to occur in a given time period is called ___________.
A) differential reinforcement of low rate (DRL)
B) differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI)
C) fixed time (FT)
D) differential reinforcement of high rate (DRH)
D) differential reinforcement of high rate (DRH)
Behavioral momentum can be measured as a behavior’s _________________.
A) rate of occurrence
B) forcefulness
C) duration
D) resistance to change
D) resistance to change
Performance on a reinforcement schedule can be affected by the amount of effort required to make the response.
A) true
B) false
A) true
______________ is defined as behavior that is controlled by a verbal or mental rule about how to behave, as opposed to being controlled by the schedule of reinforcement.
A) contingency- shaped behavior
B) memory-enhancement behavior
C) decrement- discrimination behavior
D) rule- governed behavior
D) rule- governed behavior
To help a child learn to say the word moose, the speech therapist might use his hand to guide the child’s mouth and lips into the proper position. This is an example of ___________________.
A) focus enhancement
B) fading
C) partial reinforcement
D) prompting
D) prompting
To be effective, a token economy should be terminated abruptly once a patient’s behavior has improved.
A) true
B) false
B) false
A brief delay in responding following reinforcement that is associated primarily with fixed ratio (FR) schedules of reinforcement is referred to as a ____________.
A) contingency trap
B) response cessation effect
C) Miller- Dollard effect
D) postreinforcement pause
D) postreinforcement pause
If you are given a chapter quiz every Wednesday in your Sociology class (assuming each quiz serves as
reinforcement for studying), you are being reinforced on which of the following schedules?
A) fixed ratio (FR)
B) variable ratio (VR)
C) fixed interval (FI)
D) variable interval (VI)
C) fixed interval (FI)
