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BIO 101 > Chapter 6: Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Photosynthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

Photosynthesis equation

A

6H2O + 6CO2 – (light, chlorophyll) –> C6H12O6 + 6O2

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2
Q

In photosynthesis, sunlight converts…

A

water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy sugars.

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3
Q

Glucose formula

A

C6H12O6

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4
Q

Chloroplasts

A
  • site of photosynthesis

- includes thylakoid, thylakoid membrane, stroma

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5
Q

Thylakoid

A

Cluster of proteins and pigments that capture the sun’s energy

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6
Q

Thylakoid membrane

A

Light-dependent reactions take place here

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7
Q

Stroma

A
  • Space on the interior of a chloroplast

- Light independent (Calvin cycle) reactions take place here

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8
Q

Photons

A
  • packets of energy

- light is composed of photons

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9
Q

Pigments

A
  • light-absorbing molecules that gather the sun’s energy in plants
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10
Q

Chlorophyll

A
  • plants’ principle pigments

- two types, a and b

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11
Q

Electron carrier

A
  • moves high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules (without using energy itself)
  • In photosynthesis: NADP+
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12
Q

2 processes of photosynthesis

A
  • light-dependent reactions

- light-independent (Calvin cycle) reactions

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13
Q

Light-dependent reactions USE

A
  • water
  • ADP
  • NADP+
  • light energy
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14
Q

Light-dependent reactions PRODUCE

A
  • oxygen
  • ATP
  • NADPH
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15
Q

Light-dependent reactions (summary)

A

Cells use products of light-dependent reactions to build organic molecules.
Light-dependent reactions produce oxygen gas and convert ADP and NADP+ into the energy carriers ATP and NADPH.

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16
Q

Light-independent reactions USE

A
  • carbon dioxide
  • ATP
  • NADPH
17
Q

Light-independent reactions PRODUCE

A
  • glucose
  • ADP
  • NADP+
18
Q

Light-independent (Calvin Cycle) reactions (summary)

A
  • CO2 is fixed (from atmosphere) - RuBisCO
  • energy stored in ATP and high-energy electrons used up
  • glucose and other sugars formed
19
Q

Photorespiration: problem

A
  • hot, dry weather (stomata close, O2 builds up, CO2 decreases)
  • RuBisCO fixes O2, not CO2 in light-independent reactions (releases CO2, wastes ATP)
20
Q

Photorespiration: solution

A
  • separate the carbon fixation from light-independent reactions
    C-4 plants: separate cells
    CAM plants: separate times of day
21
Q

RuBisCO

A
  • thought to be the most abundant protein on earth

- fixes CO2 in light-independent reactions

BIO 101 (6 decks)

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