CHAPTER 6: off the job training methods Flashcards
instructional methods
used to stimulate learning -classroom or formal setting 9 types: 1) lecture 2) discussion 3) case study 4) case incident 5) behaviour modelling training 6) role play 7) simulations 8) games 9) action learning
lecture method
trainer presents the content to be learned to trainees
-effective for learning declarative knowledge
discussion method
2 way communication between trainer and trainees and among trainees
case study method
- introduces realism
- teaches trainees to make decisions and think independently
case incident method
no more than one page in length
-one problem or issue is presented for analysis
behaviour modelling
BMT
-trainees observe a model performing a task and then attempt to imitate the observed behaviour
need ARRR: attention, retention, reproduction, reinforcement
-one of the most widely used training methods
-based on 4 principles of learning: observation, rehearsal, reinforcement, transfer
mixed modelling strategy
BMT that shows trainees what should be done, and what should not be done
role play
practice new behaviours in a safe environment
-3 phases: development, enactment, debriefing
reverse role play
trainees put themselves in another person’s position
simulations
working representation of reality
- equipment simulators: mechanical devices similar to those that employees use on the job
- expensiveee
physical fidelity
similarity of at the physical aspects of a simulation to the actual job
psychological fidelity
similarity of the psychological conditions of the simulation to the actual work environment
games
- structured competition to learn skills
- disadvantage: possibility of learning the wrong thing
problem based learning method (action learning)
require trainees to solve real or simulated open ended problems
action learning method
requires trainees to solve real world problems and accept responsibility for the solution
