Chapter 6: Model of Cells - The Basic Units of Life

Question 1

What are the parts of a typical animal cell?

Answer 1

Vacuole, cytoplasm, nucleus, cell membrane.

Question 2

What are the parts of a typical plant cell?

Answer 2

(Cellulose) Cell wall, chloroplast, large central vacuole, cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm.

Question 3

Does root cells have chloroplasts?

Answer 3

No.

Question 4

What is the function of a vacuole and what’s the size of it in typical animal cells?

Answer 4

It stores liquids, food and waste materials and in typical animal cells, vacuoles are small and numerous.

Question 5

What is the function of a vacuole and what’s the size of it in typical plant cells?

Answer 5

It stores liquids, food and waste materials and is large and few in typical plant cells.

Question 6

What’s the function of cytoplasm? How does it appear to be?

Answer 6

It appears to be a jelly-like substance and its function is to be the site where most chemical reactions take place.

Question 7

What’s the function of a nucleus?

Answer 7

Nucleus is the centre that controls all activities that occur within a cell.

It will also cause the cell to die if removed.

Question 8

What’s the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 8

A cell membrane is a thin outer layer — that is partially permeable— that surrounds a cell that allows only certain substances to pass through.

Question 9

What are cells?

Answer 9

The building blocks of an organism. It is also the smallest part of an organism that are alive. In simpler terms, they’re the basic units of life.

Question 10

How many types of organisms are there?

Answer 10

Multicellular (many cells) and unicellular (one cell)

Question 11

What do we use to see cells?

Answer 11

An electron microscope or light microscope.

Question 12

What are the different parts of the light microscope?

Answer 12

Eyepiece
Objective lenses
Arm
Stage clips
Condenser
Light source/illuminator
Stage
Coarse adjustment knob
Fine adjustment knob
Base

Question 13

What are light microscopes used for?

Answer 13

Can be used to see smaller structures in the cell.

Question 14

What are electron microscopes used for?

Answer 14

Used to see even smaller cell structures.

Question 15

What’s the function of a vesicle (its found in both animal and plant cell)

Answer 15

Transports products within the cell

Question 16

What’s the function of a cell wall and its structure?

Answer 16

It is a thick rigid layer around the cell and it supports the cell and gives it its regular shape and is fully permeable.

Question 17

Function of chloroplast

Answer 17

Site of photosynthesis.

Question 18

Both plant and animal cells have cell membranes, true or false?

Answer 18

True!

Question 19

Cell wall controls substances entering and leaving the cell, true or false?

Answer 19

False!

Question 20

All plant cells contain chloroplasts, true or false?

Answer 20

False!

Question 21

Vacuoles are used to make proteins, true or false?

Answer 21

False!

Question 22

A plant cell contains one large central vacuole and many small vacuole like animal cells, true or false?

Answer 22

False!

Question 23

What are the differences between a plant and animal cell?

Answer 23

Animal cells can be smaller than plant cells while plant cells can be larger than animal cells. Moreover, the cell wall and chloroplasts are absent from the animal cell while it is present in plant cells. (Not root cells though.)
Vacuoles are small, numerous and temporary in animal cells while vacuoles are single, large and permanent in plant cells.

Question 24

Cells with nucleus will live shorter, true or false?

Answer 24

False! Cells without nucleus will live shorter.

Question 25

Unlike typical animal cells, the red blood cell lacks a….

Answer 25

Nucleus.

Question 26

How are multicellular organisms organised?

Answer 26

Specialised cells of multicellular organisms are organised into tissues, then organs and finally into organ systems

Question 27

State the simplest to most complex organisation of the specialised cells of multicellular organisms.

Answer 27

(Simplest) cells —> tissues—> organs —> organ systems (most complex)

Question 28

Organisation of tissues

Answer 28

Each tissue is usually made up of cells of the same type to perform a specific function.

Question 29

Muscle tissues are made up of only muscle cells, what is the function of it?

Answer 29

To enable body movement.

Question 30

Nerve tissues are only made up of nerve cells. What is the function of it?

Answer 30

To Carry messages from one part of the body to another

Question 31

Vascular is a tissue and is located on all parts of a plant, what is its function?

Answer 31

It carries food and water to various parts of a plant.

Question 32

what are organs made up of?

Answer 32

Different tissues working together to perform a particular job.

Question 33

What is the heart made up of?

Answer 33

Muscle, connective and epithelial tissues.

Question 34

What’s the function of a heart?

Answer 34

Pump blood around the body.

Question 35

What are systems made up of ?

Answer 35

Different organs working together to perform a particular job

Question 36

Why do different systems work together?

Answer 36

To make up the whole organism.

Question 37

What is division of labour?

Answer 37

When the work of an organism is divided among different cells/organs/systems.

Question 38

Function of coarse and fine adjustment knobs

Answer 38

To obtain a focused image.

Question 39

Function of condenser

Answer 39

To adjust the amount of light that passes through the specimen

Question 40

Function of eyepiece

Answer 40

To provide a magnified image of the specimen

Question 41

Function of Objective lens

Answer 41

To further magnify the image and to observe the specimen.

Question 42

Function of flagellum

Answer 42

To enable moving around by sweeping a tail-like structure.