Chapter 3: Exploring Diversity of Matter by its Chemical Composition Flashcards
What is a compound?
A compound consists of two or more elements that are chemically combined together.
Do compounds have the same properties as their constituent elements?
No.
E.g. Hydrogen(gas) + Oxygen(gas) = Water(liquid)
The gases are the constituent elements and the water is the compound.
What is a mixture?
A mixture is made up of two or more elements and/or compounds that are NOT chemically combined. (Two or more elements only/ two or more compounds only/ one or more elements and compounds)
Composition of an element is..
Only one element (so it’s pure)
How are elements formed?
Mostly a naturally occurring process
How is a compound formed?
A chemical reaction
How is a mixture formed?
A physical change
Proportion of constituents in mixtures are…
Not fixed.
Recap: proportions of constituents in compounds are..
Fixed.
Properties of compounds from their constituents are..
Not the same, not kept.
Properties of a mixture of it constituents are…
The same, kept.
Recap: separation of constituents in compounds is…
Not easy
Separation of constituents in mixtures is…
Easy
What is a solution?
A mixture in which one substance dissolves completely in another substance
The substance that dissolves is called the…
Solute (it dissolves)
The substance in which the solute dissolves is called the..
Solvent (it makes the dissolving dissolves)
Factors of the rate of dissolving
- Size of solute particles
- Temperature of solvent
- Rate of stirring
Would the volume of a solvent affect the rate of dissolving if all other factors or variables are kept the same?
Yes, but not the rate.
E.g. making hot milo and u pour more hot water to make the milo powder dissolve faster.
What is solubility?
Solute is the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a fixed amount of solvent at a fixed temperature
What is a suspension?
A mixture that contains insoluble substances in a solvent
Can particles of the solute be seen in a solution?
No.
Can insoluble substances be seen in a suspension?
Yes
Can light pass through solution and suspension?
For solutions, light can pass through fully while for suspensions, light cannot pass through fully.
Does the solute in a solution settle to form solid deposits?
No. While for suspension, insoluble substances can settle to form solid deposits.
How do you know if an element has the same chemical properties as another?
Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties and will undergo the same type of chemical reactions.
