Chapter 6: Microbial Growth Flashcards
Salt loving bacteria
Halophiles
What are two ways of preserving food?
Making it hypertonic or acidic
Why can hyperthermophiles survive high temps?
Their proteins are more stabilized with extra hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds
Why do you need heat in PCR and why was taq polymerase needed?
Heat denatures DNA, allowing the strands to separate for replication. Taq polymerase can survive high temp unlike DNA polymerase
Food spoilage microorganisms
Psychrotrophs
Organisms sensitive to high temperatures that like ocean depths and arctic regions
Psychrophiles
This genus of bacteria is associated with peptic ulcers
H. pylori
This scientist first T. aquaticus that is useful for DNA synthess
Thomas Brock 1965
Organisms that usually grow in places like hydrothermal vents
Hyperthermophiles
These microbes can absorb water in cell wall allowing them to survive dry conditions
M. tuberculosis
Bacteria that don’t need salty environment but can survive 2% to 15% concentration
Facultative halophiles
These organisms can be found in hot tap water, soil, and hot springs
Thermophiles
These microbes can induce apoptosis which could be useful for anticancer
T. ammonificans
This scientist is credited with making improvements to PCR and making it the central technique for biochemistry
Kary Mullis 1983
What is the purpose of PCR?
To amplify identical DNA so it can be studied or cloned
Why does pickling food work in preventing spoilage?
most microbes can’t survive pH below 4
How is bacteriochlorophyll different plant chlorophyll
Bacteriochlorophyll absorbs wider wavelength than plants and the vesicles attach to the plasma membrane
Pressure loving bacteria
Barophiles
Why are most food not preserved by making them very basic?
Alkaline substances tend to be very bitter. Chew on Tylenol for reference
What temperature type of microbes like the human body temperature?
Mesophiles
Bacteria that need salty environments to survive
Obligate halophiles
