Chapter 6: Microbial Growth

Question 1

Salt loving bacteria

Answer 1

Halophiles

Question 2

What are two ways of preserving food?

Answer 2

Making it hypertonic or acidic

Question 3

Why can hyperthermophiles survive high temps?

Answer 3

Their proteins are more stabilized with extra hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds

Question 4

Why do you need heat in PCR and why was taq polymerase needed?

Answer 4

Heat denatures DNA, allowing the strands to separate for replication. Taq polymerase can survive high temp unlike DNA polymerase

Question 5

Food spoilage microorganisms

Answer 5

Psychrotrophs

Question 6

Organisms sensitive to high temperatures that like ocean depths and arctic regions

Answer 6

Psychrophiles

Question 7

This genus of bacteria is associated with peptic ulcers

Answer 7

H. pylori

Question 8

This scientist first T. aquaticus that is useful for DNA synthess

Answer 8

Thomas Brock 1965

Question 9

Organisms that usually grow in places like hydrothermal vents

Answer 9

Hyperthermophiles

Question 10

These microbes can absorb water in cell wall allowing them to survive dry conditions

Answer 10

M. tuberculosis

Question 11

Bacteria that don’t need salty environment but can survive 2% to 15% concentration

Answer 11

Facultative halophiles

Question 12

These organisms can be found in hot tap water, soil, and hot springs

Answer 12

Thermophiles

Question 13

These microbes can induce apoptosis which could be useful for anticancer

Answer 13

T. ammonificans

Question 14

This scientist is credited with making improvements to PCR and making it the central technique for biochemistry

Answer 14

Kary Mullis 1983

Question 15

What is the purpose of PCR?

Answer 15

To amplify identical DNA so it can be studied or cloned

Question 16

Why does pickling food work in preventing spoilage?

Answer 16

most microbes can’t survive pH below 4

Question 17

How is bacteriochlorophyll different plant chlorophyll

Answer 17

Bacteriochlorophyll absorbs wider wavelength than plants and the vesicles attach to the plasma membrane

Question 18

Pressure loving bacteria

Answer 18

Barophiles

Question 19

Why are most food not preserved by making them very basic?

Answer 19

Alkaline substances tend to be very bitter. Chew on Tylenol for reference

Question 20

What temperature type of microbes like the human body temperature?

Answer 20

Mesophiles

Question 21

Bacteria that need salty environments to survive

Answer 21

Obligate halophiles