Chapter 5: Microbial Metabolism Flashcards
This microbial enzyme breaks down fats into fatty acid and glycerol
Lipase
Two major energy processes in microorganisms?
Cellular respiration and fermentation
Define photosynthesis
The conversion of light energy into chemical energy by an organism
What is bioremediation?
The use of bacteria to degrade oil contamination. Pseudomonas that naturally occur in the soil can be grown to breakdown oil spills on land
Name the sulfur bacteria reaction formula that is similar to photosynthesis
6 moles of carbon dioxide, 12 moles of hydrogen sulfide, and photon of energy yields 1 mole of glucose 6 moles of water and 12 moles of sulfur
Heterofermentation
Producing more than one product of fermentation
Three factors that affect enzymes?
Temp, pH, and substrate concentration
what percentage of energy of glucose is lost as heat in cells
45%
name the formula for photosynthesis?
6 moles carbon dioxide, 12 moles of water, and photon of energy yields 1 mole glucose, 6 moles of water, and 6 moles of oxygen
This genus of bacteria remove sulfur from oil
R.erythropolis
Where does ETC happen in bacteria?
Cell membrane
What is anaerobic cellular respiration?
Doesn’t require oxygen, final acceptor is usually an inorganic molecule, usually produces less ATP than aerobic, and causes slower growth
What is aerobic cellular respiration?
Requires oxygen, final acceptor is oxygen, produces a lot of ATP, and allows for fast growth
What is homofermatative?
Producing only one product of fermentation
What is fermentation?
The conversion of pyruvic acid into another molecule to make energy
Why is pentose phosphate pathway important?
It produces intermediate pentose used to make nucleic acid,amino acids, and glucose from carbon dioxide in photosynthesis
Chemoheterotrophs that get nutrients from dead organic matter
Saprophytes
How can you test for E. coli O157?
O157 is the pathogenic stain and it doesn’t ferment sorbitol like nonpathogenic E. coli
Where does glycolysis happen in bacteria?
Cytoplasm
Where does Krebs happen in bacteria?
Cytoplasm
How much energy per molecule of glucose for pentose phosphate pathway?
One
Important products of anaerobic cellular respiration?
Nitrous oxide, nitrogen gas, sulfur gas, and methane
What is deamination and why is it used?
The removal of amino groups from amino acids to make ammonium ions. Proteins are too large to enter bacteria so they need to be broken down
What is Beta oxidation?
Breakdown of fatty acids to generate acetyl CoA for the kreb cycle
Chemoheterotrophs that get nutrients from a living host
parasites
Why is entner-doudoroff pathway important?
It doesn’t require glycolysis or pentose pathway. Also used by rhzobium and agrobacterium which is important in farming
