Chapter 6- Manufacturing Processes

Question 1

Lead time

Answer 1

The time needed to respond to a customer order.

Question 2

Customer order decoupling point

Answer 2

The place where inventory is positioned to allow processes or entities in the supply chain to operate independently.

Question 3

Make-to-stock

Answer 3

A production environment where the customer is served “on-demand” from finished goods inventory.

Question 4

Assemble-to-order

Answer 4

A production environment where preassembled components, subassemblies, and modules are put together in response to a specific customer order.

Question 5

Make-to-order

Answer 5

A production environment where the product is built directly from raw materials and components inresponse to a specific customer order.

Question 6

Engineer-to-order

Answer 6

Here the firm works with the customer to design the product, which is then made from purchased materials, parts, and components.

Question 7

Lean manufacturing

Answer 7

The attempt to achieve high customer service with minimum levels of inventory investment.

Question 8

Project layout

Answer 8

The product, because of its sheer bulk or weight, remains fixed in a location. Equipment is moved to the product rather than vice versa.

Question 9

Workcenter

Answer 9

A process structure suited for low-volume production of a great variety of nonstandard products. Workcenters sometimes are referred to as departments and are focused on a particular type of operation

Question 10

Manufacturing cell

Answer 10

An area where simple items that are similar in processing requirements are produced.

Question 11

Assembly line

Answer 11

A process structure designed to make discrete parts. Parts are moved through a set of specially designed workstations at a controlled rate.

Question 12

Continuous process

Answer 12

An often automated process that converts raw materials into a finished product in one continuous process.

Question 13

Product–process matrix

Answer 13

Shows the relationships between different production units and how they are used depending on product volume and the degree of product standardization.

Question 14

6A) Workcenter

Answer 14

Also called a job-shop or functional layout; a format in which similar equipment or functions are grouped together.

Question 15

6A) Assembly line

Answer 15

Equipment or work processes are arranged according to the progressive steps by which the product is made.

Question 16

6A) Manufacturing cell

Answer 16

Groups dissimilar machines to work on products that have similar shapes and processing requirements.

Question 17

6A) Systematic layout planning (SLP)

Answer 17

A technique for solving process layout problems when the use of numerical flow data between departments is not practical. The technique uses an activity relationship diagram that is adjusted by trial and error until a satisfactory adjacency pattern is obtained.

Question 18

6A) Workstation cycle time

Answer 18

The time between successive units coming off the end of an assembly line.

Question 19

6A) Assembly-line balancing

Answer 19

The problem of assigning all the tasks to a series of workstations so that each workstation has no more than can be done in the workstation cycle time, and so that idle time across all workstations is minimized.

Question 20

6A) Precedence relationship

Answer 20

The order in which tasks must be performed in the assembly process.