Chapter 6- Manufacturing Processes Flashcards
Lead time
The time needed to respond to a customer order.
Customer order decoupling point
The place where inventory is positioned to allow processes or entities in the supply chain to operate independently.
Make-to-stock
A production environment where the customer is served “on-demand” from finished goods inventory.
Assemble-to-order
A production environment where preassembled components, subassemblies, and modules are put together in response to a specific customer order.
Make-to-order
A production environment where the product is built directly from raw materials and components inresponse to a specific customer order.
Engineer-to-order
Here the firm works with the customer to design the product, which is then made from purchased materials, parts, and components.
Lean manufacturing
The attempt to achieve high customer service with minimum levels of inventory investment.
Project layout
The product, because of its sheer bulk or weight, remains fixed in a location. Equipment is moved to the product rather than vice versa.
Workcenter
A process structure suited for low-volume production of a great variety of nonstandard products. Workcenters sometimes are referred to as departments and are focused on a particular type of operation
Manufacturing cell
An area where simple items that are similar in processing requirements are produced.
Assembly line
A process structure designed to make discrete parts. Parts are moved through a set of specially designed workstations at a controlled rate.
Continuous process
An often automated process that converts raw materials into a finished product in one continuous process.
Product–process matrix
Shows the relationships between different production units and how they are used depending on product volume and the degree of product standardization.
6A) Workcenter
Also called a job-shop or functional layout; a format in which similar equipment or functions are grouped together.
6A) Assembly line
Equipment or work processes are arranged according to the progressive steps by which the product is made.
6A) Manufacturing cell
Groups dissimilar machines to work on products that have similar shapes and processing requirements.
6A) Systematic layout planning (SLP)
A technique for solving process layout problems when the use of numerical flow data between departments is not practical. The technique uses an activity relationship diagram that is adjusted by trial and error until a satisfactory adjacency pattern is obtained.
6A) Workstation cycle time
The time between successive units coming off the end of an assembly line.
6A) Assembly-line balancing
The problem of assigning all the tasks to a series of workstations so that each workstation has no more than can be done in the workstation cycle time, and so that idle time across all workstations is minimized.
6A) Precedence relationship
The order in which tasks must be performed in the assembly process.
