Chapter 6: Learning Flashcards
delayed conditioning
NS first+US 1/4 second after while NS still present=CS most effective
trace conditioning
presentation of NS, followed by break, followed by US
simultaneous conditioning
US and NS presented same time
backwards conditioning
-US and then NS
aversive conditioning
-decrease a behavior by creating associations with negative responses
second-order conditioning
-using CS as US to create a new NS
taste aversion
- type of classical conditioning in which someone associates a food with positive or negative reaction
- pairing could be hours apart
Thorndike
-began operant conditioning by training a cat to exit a box (exemplifying Law of Effect– positive results causes someone to perform a behavior more)
Skinner
-reinforcement and punishment
avoidance learning
-completely avoiding aversive stimulus
escape learning
-terminate aversive stimulus
chaining
-taught to perform many responses successively to gain a reward (shaping is getting rewarded for every step)
Premack Principle
reinforcing properties depend on the situation
variable schedules
-more resistant to extinction than fixed schedules, although slow acquisition
instinctive drift
-tendency for animal to forgo reward to pursue typical patterns of behavior
