Chapter 6 Key Concepts Flashcards
What property did Mendeleev use to organize his periodic table?
He arranged the elements in his periodic table in order of increasing atomic mass
How did chemists begin the process of organizing elements?
They used the properties of elements to sort them into groups
How are elements arranged in the modern periodic table?
In order of increasing atomic number
Name the three broad classes of elements.
Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids
What information can be included in a periodic table?
The periodic table displays the symbols and names of the elements, along with information about the structure of their atoms
Into what four classes can elements be sorted based on their electron configurations?
Noble gasses, representative elements, transition metals, or inner transition metals
How does atomic size change within groups and across periods?
In general, it increases from top to bottom within a group and decreases from left to right across a period
When do ions form?
When electrons are transferred between atoms
What happens to first ionization energy within groups and across periods?
It tends to decrease from top to bottom within a group and increase from left to right across a period
Compare the size of ions to the size of atoms from which they form.
Caron’s are always smaller than the atoms from which they form. Anions are always larger than the atoms from which they form
How does electronegativity vary within groups and across periods?
In general, the values decrease from top to bottom within a group. For representative elements, the values tend to increase from left to right across a period
In general, how can the periodic trends displayed by elements be explained?
The trends that exist among these properties can be explained by variations in atomic structure
