Chapter 6: Ionic Reactions-Nucleophilic Substitution and Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides

Question 1

The polarity of a carbon-halogen bond leads to the carbon having ___

Answer 1

partial positive charge

Question 2

Carbon-halogen bonds get less polar, longer and weaker in going
from _________

Answer 2

fluorine to iodine

Question 3

______ reacts at the electron deficient carbon

Answer 3

nucleophile

Question 4

A nucleophile may be any molecule with an __________

Answer 4

unshared electron pair

Question 5

_________ is a substituent that can leave as a relatively
stable entity

Answer 5

leaving group

Question 6

It can leave as an anion or a neutral species

Answer 6

leaving group

Question 7

the high energy state of the reaction

Answer 7

transition state

Question 8

_______ negative G(free energy) (products favored)

Answer 8

exergonic reaction

Question 9

______: positive G(free energy) (products not favored)

Answer 9

endergonic reaction

Question 10

The difference in energy between starting material and the transition state is the ____-

Answer 10

free energy of activation

Question 11

The difference in energy between starting molecules and products is the ________-

Answer 11

free energy change of the reaction

Question 12

There is a direct relationship between G‡ and the temperature of a reaction: The higher the ________, the faster the _______

Answer 12

temperature, rate

Question 13

____ temperatures cause more molecules to collide with enough energy to reach the transition state and react

Answer 13

High

Question 14

Rate does not depend on the identity or concentration of
nucleophile

Answer 14

Sn1 reaction

Question 15

Rate is directly proportional to the concentration of nucleophile
Stronger nucleophiles also react faster

Answer 15

Sn2