Chapter 6: Ecology and Evolution

Question 1

Evolution

Answer 1

Allele frequency change, descent with modification

Question 2

Evolutionary Mechanisms

Answer 2

Mutation, Natural Selection, Genetic Drift, Gene Flow

Question 3

Mutations

Answer 3

Generates the raw material for evolution, can create new alleles

Question 4

Natural Selection

Answer 4

The process by which individuals with certain genetically determined characteristics survive and reproduce more successfully than other individuals because of those characteristics

Question 5

Directional Selection

Answer 5

Favors individuals with one extreme of a heritable phenotypic trait

Question 6

Stabilizing Selection

Answer 6

Favors individuals with an intermediate phenotype

Question 7

Disruptive Selection

Answer 7

Favors individuals with phenotypes at either extreme over those with an intermediate phenotype

Question 8

Genetic Drift

Answer 8

Random sampling of alleles from generation to generation, which causes allele frequency fluctuations over time

Question 9

Bottleneck Effect

Answer 9

Natural Disasters

Question 10

Founder Effect

Answer 10

Migration

Question 11

Gene Flow

Answer 11

Transfer of alleles between population