Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology > Chapter 6 - Consciousness > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Consciousness Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Visual agnosia

A

The inability to visually recognize objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Consciousness

A

Our moment-to-moment awareness of ourselves and our environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Selective attention

A

The process that focuses awareness on some stimuli to the exclusion of others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Controlled (conscious or explicit) processing

A

The conscious use of attention and effort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Automatic (unconscious or implicit) processing

A

Can be performed without conscious awareness or effort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Divided attention

A

The ability to respond, seemingly simultaneously, to multiple tasks or demands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Blindsight

A

A condition where people are blind in part of their visual field yet in special tests respond to stimuli in that field despite reporting that they cannot see those stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Priming

A

Exposure to a stimulus influences (primes) how you subsequently respond to that same or another stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Implicit memory

A

When memory influences our behavior without conscious awareness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Attention

A

The process of concentrating on some features of the environment to the possible exclusion of others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the cocktail party phenomenon

A

P. 225

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Automaticity

A

Required when a task no longer requires conscious control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Circadian rhythms

A

Daily biological cycles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Suprachiasmatic nuclei (in the brain)

A

Control most circadian rhythms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Melatonin

A

Hormone with a calming effect on the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)

A

A cyclic tendency to become psychologically depressed during certain seasons of the year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Beta waves

A

The activity shown in the brain when you are awake and alert

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Alpha waves

A

The slower activity shown in the brain when we are feeling relaxed and drowsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Restoration model (sleep)

A

States that sleep recharges our bodies and allows us to recover from physical and mental fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Evolutionary/circadian sleep models

A

Models of sleep that focus on the position that sleep’s main purpose is to increase a species’ chances of survival in relation to environmental demands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Memory consolidation

A

A gradual process where the brain transfers information into long-term memory

22
Q

Insomnia

A

Chronic difficulties in going to sleep, staying asleep and/or experiencing restful sleep

23
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Extreme daytime sleepiness and sudden, uncontrollable sleep attacks that may last from less than a minute to an hour

24
Q

Night terrors

A

Frightening dreams that arouse the sleeper to a state of near-panic

25
Q

Sleep apnea

A

The repeated stopping and restarting of breathing during sleep

26
Q

Wish fulfillment (Freud’s psychoanalytic theory)

A

The gratification of our unconscious desires and needs

27
Q

Activation-synthesis theory

A

States that dreams do not serve any particular function, but are merely a byproduct of REM neural activity

28
Q

Problem-solving dream models

A

State that, because dreams are not constrained by reality, they can help us find creative solutions to our problems and ongoing concerns

29
Q

Cognitive-process dream theories

A

Propose that dreaming and waking thought are produced by the same mental systems in the brain

30
Q

Fantasy-prone personality

A

People who have a vivid imagination

31
Q

Blood-brain barrier

A

A special lining of tightly packed cells that lets vital nutrients pass through so neurons can function

32
Q

Neuromodulator

A

A specific group of neurotransmitters that have a widespread and generalized influence on synaptic transmission

33
Q

Tolerance

A

Decreasing responsively to a drug

34
Q

Compensatory responses

A

The brain produces reactions opposite to that of the drug to restore balance

35
Q

Withdrawal

A

Occurrence of compensatory responses after discontinued drug use

36
Q

Substance dependence

A

Maladaptive pattern of substance use that causes a person significant distress or substantially impairs that persons life

37
Q

Alcohol myopia

A

Short-sighted thinking caused by the inability to pay attention to as much information as when sober (Steele and Joseph’s 1990)

38
Q

Stimulants

A

Increase neural firing and arouse the nervous system

39
Q

Opiates

A

Opium and drugs derived from it, like morphine, codeine and heroin

40
Q

Hallucinogens

A

Mind-altering drugs that produce hallucinations

41
Q

THC (tetrahydrocannabinol)

A

Marijuana’s major active ingredient

42
Q

Effects and dangers of alcohol

A

Effects: relaxation, impaired physical and psychological functioning, lower inhibition

Risks: disorientation, unconsciousness and possible death

43
Q

Effects and dangers of barbiturates/tranquilizers

A

Effects: drowsiness, impaired motor functioning and reflexes, reduced tension

Risks: shallow breathing, clammy skin, weak and rapid pulse, come and possible death

44
Q

Effects and risks of amphetamines, cocaine and ecstasy

A

Effects: increased alertness, pulse and blood pressure, elevated mood, suppressed appetite

Risks: hallucinations, paranoid delusions, convulsions, long term cognitive impairment, possible death

45
Q

Risks and effects of opium, morphine, codeine and heroin

A

Effects: euphoria, pain relief, drowsiness and impaired motor and psychological funcitoning

Risks: shallow breathing, convulsions, coma, possible death

46
Q

Risks and effects of LSD, mescaline, phencylidine

A

Effects: hallucinations and visions, distorted time perception, loss of contact with reality, nausea

Risks: psychotic reactions (delusions, paranoia), panic, possible death

47
Q

Risks and effects of marijuana

A

Effects: mild euphoria, enhanced sensory experiences, increased appetite, impaired memory and reaction time

Risks: fatigue, anxiety, disorientation, sensory distortions, psychotic reactions

48
Q

Hypnosis

A

A state of consciousness involving focused attention and reduced peripheral awareness characterized by an enhanced capacity for response to suggestion

49
Q

Hypnotic susceptibility scales

A

A standard series of pass-fail suggestions that are read to a subject after a hypnotic induction

50
Q

Dissociation theories (hypnosis)

A

Theories that view hypnosis as an altered state involving a division (dissociation) of consciousness

51
Q

Social cognitive theories (hypnosis)

A

Theories which propose hypnotic experiences result from expectations of people who are motivated to take on the role of being hypnotized

Psychology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions