Chapter 6: Consciousness Flashcards
Consciousness
Awareness of internal and external stimuli
- is subjective and private
- dynamic
- self-reflective
Rouge Test
Red dot on forehead and placed in front of mirror
- if animal/baby reaches for mirror = no consciousness
- reach for themselves = conciousness
Psychodynamic View
Freud
- 3 levels: Conscious, Preconcious and Unconscious
Cognitive View
2 Levels: Controlled (slow but flexible; usually when learning) and Automatic (fast but static; i.e. habits)
Circadian Rhythms
daily cycles of wakefulness and sleep
Sleep Regulation
part of hypothalamus: suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
SCN signals Pineal gland to release melatonin (sleep hormone)
Stage 1 of Sleep
- Light sleep
- 1-10 mins
- theta waves
Awake and Drowsy
Awake = beta waves
Drowsy = Alpha waves
Stage 2 of Sleep
- 10-25 mins
- heart slows down, temp decreases, muscles relax
- waves are sleep spindles
Stage 3 & 4
- 10-30 mins
- delta waves
- “slow wave” sleep
- stage 3 = small periods of delta waves
- stage 4 = only delta waves
Stage 5 of Sleep
REM Sleep
- paralyzed during REM
- dreams most vivid
- rem waves look most like beta waves
Freud Dream Protection Theory
dreams = guardians of sleep
= wish fulfillment based on our sexual and aggressive desires
Activation-Synthesis Theory
- dreams reflect brain activation in sleep
- chaotic pattern of neural firing
- brain’s way of organizing random impulses
Insomnia
Chronic difficulty in falling/staying asleep or restful sleep
- most common sleep disorder
Narcolepsy
- episodes of sudden sleep
- immediately enter REM
- associated cataplexy: loss of muscle tone
Sleep Apnea
blockage of airway that wakes person up from deep sleep
Night terrors
- wakes up screaming, sweating and confusion
- goes right back to sleep
Sleepwalking
happens during stage 3 & 4; not during REM b/c paralyzed
- more often in kids
Hallucination
- realistic experiences in absence of external stimuli
- can be caused by sleep deprivation, migraines, sleep deprivation, intense emotion
Hypnosis
- power of suggestion
- depends on how suggestible subject is
Substance Abuse
recurrent problems with drugs. i.e. binge drinking on weekends
Substance Dependence
- need drugs to function normally
- serious pattern of use; i.e. everyday
Tolerance
increased amount of a drug to achieve intoxication
- physical or psychological
- body’s attempt to maintain homeostasis
