chapter 6: bone structure and function

Question 1

compact, shaft, long part of bone

Answer 1

diaphysis

Question 2

spongy, end of bone

Answer 2

epiphysis

Question 3

where diaphysis joins epiphysis

Answer 3

metaphysis

Question 4

space inside diaphysis which contains marrow

Answer 4

medullary cavity

Question 5

inner lining of medullary cavity

Answer 5

endosteum

Question 6

connective tissue covering bone

Answer 6

periosteum

Question 7

thin layer of hyaline cartilage covers epiphyses

Answer 7

articular cartilage

Question 8

Haversian system

Answer 8

Osteon

Question 9

Where is the osteon/haversian system found?

Answer 9

compact bone

Question 10

rings of hard, calcified matrix

Answer 10

lamella

Question 11

carries lymphatics, blood vessels and nerve fibers

Answer 11

central canal

Question 12

branch from central

Answer 12

Volkmann’s canals

Question 13

Osteocytes have ___ (cell extensions) in _____ (small chambers).

Answer 13

canaliculi, lacunae

Question 14

irregular lattice work of thin bone plates, spaces filled with marrow

Answer 14

Trabeculae

Found in spongy bone

hips, ribs, vertebrae, epiphyses

Question 15

The bone has (poor/abundant) nerve and blood supply.

Answer 15

abundant

Question 16

osteogenic/osteoprogenitor/osteochondral progenitor cells

Answer 16

stem cells

Question 17

osteoblasts produce matrix made of ___ and ___.

They (can/cannot) divide.

Answer 17

mineral salts, collagen, cannot

osteoblasts are “bone generators”

Question 18

osteocytes are located in the ____, derived from ____, and help with ___ and ___.

Answer 18

lacunae, osteoblasts, daily activities, maintenance

Question 19

osteoclasts function in bone ___.

Answer 19

resportion,

They are “bone breakers”

Question 20

____ is the organic part of matrix, includes:
proteoglycans, glycoproteins, collagen

Answer 20

Osteoid

Question 21

____ and other things such as ____, ___, ____ are inorganic parts of the matrix. They are responsible for ____.

Answer 21

hydroxyapatites (ex. tricalcium phosphate)

MgOH, F, sulfate

hardness/strength

Question 22

support

Answer 22

limbs support trunk

Question 23

protection

Answer 23

skull surrounds brain

Question 24

movement

Answer 24

skeletal muscle attachments

Question 25

mineral storage

Answer 25

calcium and phosphate homeostasis

Question 26

hematopoiesis

Answer 26

blood cell formation and red marrow

Question 27

fat and energy storage in adults

Answer 27

yellow marrow