Chapter 6 - Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

What do antiseptics do?

A

kill and inhibits organisms on the body

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2
Q

what do disinfectants do?

A

kill and inhibit organisms on inanimate objects

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3
Q

what does sterilization do?

A

kills all organisms

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4
Q

Betadine is good for what? bad for what?

A

good for GPC’s and GNR’s. Bad for fungi.

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5
Q

Chlorhexidine is good for what?

A

GPC’s, GNR’s, fungi

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6
Q

How do penicillin’s work?

A

inhibit cell walls

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7
Q

what do cephalosporin’s work?

A

inhibit cell wall

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8
Q

carbapenam’s?

A

inhibit cell wall

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9
Q

monobactams?

A

cell wall synthesis

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10
Q

vancomycin?

A

cell wall synthesis

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11
Q

tetracycline?

A

30s ribosome

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12
Q

aminoglycosides?

A

30s ribosome

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13
Q

linezolid?

A

30s ribosome

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14
Q

erythromycin?

A

50s

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15
Q

clindamycin?

A

50s

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16
Q

chloramphenicol

A

50s

17
Q

synercid?

A

50s

18
Q

quinolones?

A

DNA helicase/gyrase

19
Q

rifampin?

A

RNA polymerase

20
Q

Flagyl?

A

O2 radicals that break up DNA

21
Q

Sulfonamides?

A

PABA analogue, inhibits purine synthesis

22
Q

Trimethoprim?

A

dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor- inhibits purine synthesis

23
Q

what is mechanism of PCN resistance?

A

plasmids for betalactamase

24
Q

what is most common mechanism of abx resistance?

A

transfer of plasmids

25
Q

what is mechanism of MRSA resistance?

A

mutation of cell wall-binding protein

26
Q

VRE resistance?

A

mutation of cell wall binding protein

27
Q

gentamicin resistance?

A

modifying enzymes leading to decrease in active transport

28
Q

vanco appropriate levels?

A

20-40 peak, 5-10 trough

29
Q

gentamycin appropriate levels?

A

6-10, trough <1

30
Q

peak too high?

A

decrease amount of dose

31
Q

trough too high?

A

increase time interval

32
Q

penicillins are good for?

A

strep, syphilis, gonorrha, clostridium perfingins, anthrox. NOT good for staph or enterococcus

33
Q

oxacillin/nafcillin good for?

A

staph only

34
Q

Ampicillin/amoxicillin good for?

A

penicillin stuff + enterococci

35
Q

unasyn and augmentin good for?

A

broad spectrum, GPC’s, GNR;s, enterococci. NOT pseudomonas, acinetobacter, serratia

36
Q

ticarcillin peperacillin good for? side effects?

A

enterics, pseudomonas, acinetobacter, serratia. inhibits platelets, high salt load.

37
Q

First generation cephalosporins good for? side effects?

A

GPC’s. can produce positive coomb’s test

38
Q

longest lasting half-life of first generation cephalosporins?

A

Ancef (cefazolin)

39
Q

second generation cephalosporins are? good for?

A

cefoxitin, cefotetan, cefuroxime. GPC’s, GNRs.