Chapter 6 and 7

Question 1

define heterotroph

Answer 1

an organism that cannot produce its own food, instead taking nutrition from other sources (human)

Question 2

Define autotroph

Answer 2

primary producers, make their own food (plants)

Question 3

define cellular respiration

Answer 3

transfers energy from the bonds in glucose to ATP (produces 32 ATP molecules from each glucose molecule)

Question 4

define photosynthesis

Answer 4

process by which certain organisms capture energy from the sunlight and convert this solar energy to chemical energy that is initially stored in a carbohydrate.

Question 5

equation for cellular respiration

Answer 5

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O+ ATP

Question 6

equation for photosynthesis

Answer 6

6CO2+6H2O→C6H12O6+6O2.

Question 7

Which organisms photosynthesize?

Answer 7

photoautotrophs (EX: Plants, algae, and a group of bacteria called cyanobacteria)

Question 8

Which organisms go through cellular respiration?

Answer 8

all living things (EX: animals, plants, and fungi, and also in algae and other protists)

Question 9

In a plant, where do the reactants for photosynthesis come from?

Answer 9

air and soil (H20 and CO2)

Question 10

Objects absorb and reflect light. Does the absorbed or reflected light determine the object’s color?

Answer 10

The reflected light determines the objects color

Question 11

Plants use ________________________ to absorb light.

Answer 11

chlorophyll

Question 12

ATP, NADPH, NADH, FADH2 are all energy carriers. Which energy carrier is used by most
enzymes in the cell?

Answer 12

ATP

Question 13

Name two cellular activities fueled by ATP

Answer 13

Active Transport and Calvin Cycle

Question 14

Name one cellular activity fueled by NADPH.

Answer 14

Calvin Cycle

Question 15

Define anaerobic and aerobic.

Answer 15

Anaerobic- condition without oxygen
Aerobic- condition with oxygen

Question 16

What happens to Cellular Respiration when oxygen is not around?

Answer 16

fermentation occurs

Question 17

Why is fermentation important?

Answer 17

Fermentation enables cells to produce chemical energy from the breakdown of sugar, e.g. glucose, without the help of oxygen

Question 18

Review Diabetes, blood cells, etc. and other topics discussed in class.

Answer 18

Diabetes is when insulin is either not present or not used properly, which does not allow glucose to be transported into cells.

Question 19

Which type of organisms do photosynthesis? Which type of organisms do cellular
respiration?

Answer 19

Photosynthesis is only done in cells that contain chlorophyll, either in the cell membrane or in the chloroplast. Cells that can do photosynthesis include all plant cells, algae, and some bacteria. All cells do cellular respiration to make ATP.

Question 20

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration –Draw a cell with a chloroplast and
mitochondria. Diagram the process of photosynthesis and cellular respiration and
indicate where the steps take place. Include light reaction, Calvin cycle (dark reactions),
glycolysis, preparatory reactions for Citric Acid Cycle or production of acetyl CoA, Citric
Acid Cycle (aka Krebs cycle), and oxidative phosphorylation. Show the path the electron
takes. Include how H+, ATP, NADPH, H2O, CO2, NADH, and FADH2 are involved. Which of
these steps require oxygen?

Answer 20

see study guide

Question 21

What is the most important role of photosynthetic organisms in an ecosystem?
a) converting inorganic compounds into organic compounds
b) absorbing solar radiation
c) producing organic detritus for decomposers
d) dissipating heat
e) recycling energy from other trophic levels

Answer 21

A) converting inorganic compounds into organic compounds