Chapter 6 Flashcards
The ____________ is a muscular dome that forms the inferior boundary of the thorax, separating the thorax from the abdomen.
diaphragm
Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the:
gallbladder
The ___________ is made up of the maxilla and zygoma, as well as the frontal bone of the cranium.
orbit
The brain connects to the spinal cord through a large opening at the base of the skull called the:
foremen magnum
What structure does NOT contain smooth muscle?
skeletal system
A by-product of involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation is:
heat
If a patient’s chest barely moves during inhalation, even if the patient’s respiratory rate is normal, you should suspect that:
minute volume is decreased
What happens when blood volume is lost from the body?
The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure.
A patient has a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. The “130” in this measurement represents:
ventricular contraction (systolic)
The central nervous system is composed of the:
brain and spinal cord
Which organ lies in the lateral and posterior portion of the left upper quadrant of the abdomen?
spleen
Which of the following systems is responsible for releasing hormones that regulate body activities?
endocrine
Urine is transported from the kidneys to the urinary bladder via the:
ureters
What is the function of the fallopian tubes?
to transport a mature egg to the uterus
The waste products of aerobic metabolism include:
carbon dioxide and water.
Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur when the body reacts to a particular:
disease
A patient has a large accumulation of blood in the sac surrounding the heart. Which type of shock would this condition cause?
obstructive
Large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are generated when:
the cells function with adequate oxygen
Define hypoxic drive
backup system to control respirations
Define peristalsis
wave-like contraction of smooth muscle
The _____ is connected to the intestines by the bile ducts
liver
What is the function of the pancreas?
to secrete enzymes used to digest fats, starches, and proteins
What is the V/Q ratio?
V (volume)- a measure of how much are is effectively moved during ventilation
Q (quality)- how much blood is gaining access to the alveoli
List the four components of blood and their functions
Plasma - sticky, yellow fluid that caries the blood cells and nutrients
RBC - gives blood its color and carries oxygen
WBC - immune defense against infection
Platelets - essential for forming blood clots
List the five sections of the spinal column and the number of vertebrae in each
Cervical - 7 Thoracic -12 Lumbar - 5 Sacral - 5 Coccyx - 4
33 in total
What organs are in the RUQ?
liver, gallbladder, large intestine, small intestine
What organs are in the RLQ?
large intestine, small intestine, appendix, ascending colon
What organs are in the LUQ?
stomach, spleen, large intestine, small intestine
What organs are in the LLQ?
large intestine, small intestine
