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PMI-ACP > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

1.Which of the following best describes a team’s velocity from the first iteration on?

  1. Velocity is based on the decomposition of activities and their sequence.
  2. Velocity varies in the first iterations, increases, and eventually plateaus.
  3. Velocity is determined by the product owner.
  4. Velocity is based on approved deliverables, milestones, scope, and resource management plans.
A
  1. Velocity varies in the first iterations, increases, and eventually plateaus.

Velocity in the first several iterations/sprints will vary and then increase the amount of story points that can be accomplished as the team gets further into the project. Eventually, the velocity will plateau and then the team can most effectively forecast completion.

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2
Q

2.Your team has determined that there are 500 points of functionality left in the backlog to complete. The first four iterations’ velocity has been tracked at

  1. 22 points
  2. 30 points
  3. 39 points
  4. 45 points

Approximately, how many more iterations will it take to complete the project based on velocity?
1. 15.1
2. 25.7
3. 14.7
4. 13.6

A
  1. 39 points

At this point, early in the iterations and with everything fluctuating, it’s best to get an average and use that to forecast. In this case, the team would round up to 15 iterations, since partial credit isn’t going to work.

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3
Q
  1. Utilizing decision delays in an Agile environment allows teams to do all of the following, except ____________.
  2. Mitigate risks
  3. Adapt to changes
  4. Implement based on the most up-to-date information
  5. Have “fine-grained requirements” until they can become “course-grained”
A
  1. Have “fine-grained requirements” until they can become “course-grained”

This question includes the word except, meaning that everything is correct except option D. Decision delays are not applied to taking an epic and breaking it down to a user story level. Even if that were true, the correct order would be taking something that is course-grained and breaking it down to a fine-grained level.

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4
Q

4.The concept of ideal time is ____________.

  1. How long something will take with distractions
  2. What you put on your schedule for approval
  3. How long something will take without any distractions
  4. The total duration plus risk events
A
  1. How long something will take without any distractions

Ideal time is basically a duration of time that something would take if you didn’t have any distractions at all, meaning that in a 40-hour work week, you didn’t do anything else except work on your project. Ideal time isn’t an effective way to plan.

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5
Q
  1. Which of the following represents a user story?
  2. As an end user, I want to be able to shop online.
  3. As a team member, I want to be able to see my progress.
  4. As an end user, I want to be able to review status reports daily so that I can track project performance.
  5. As a customer, I need to be able to use the software you create.
A
  1. As an end user, I want to be able to review status reports daily so that I can track project performance.

The format in which user stories are written include these three variables:
As _________________ I want/need _________________ so that I can _________________________.

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6
Q
  1. As a product owner, it is important to determine the priority of user stories that will be performed next. This is an example of which one of the following?
  2. Backlog sorting
  3. Retrospective
  4. Sprint review
  5. Backlog grooming
A
  1. Backlog grooming

Backlog grooming or refinement is the act of the product owner sorting the backlog by priority. The development team may be involved in this process, and it usually is, but it is the responsibility of the product owner to do so, and everyone else will respect their decisions.

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7
Q

7.Decomposition of requirements could best be described by which of the following?

  1. Epic, task, user story
  2. Epic, feature, user story, sequenced activities
  3. Theme, epic, feature, user story
  4. User story, feature, tasks
A
  1. Theme, epic, feature, user story

For the most part, if you were to go hierarchically, that would be the order of decomposition. Just like anything in Agile, it depends on your team and how you decompose work, whether you work with themes or just epics. It is also the best answer from all the options, since many answers use the words task and/or sequencing.

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8
Q

8.It is important for the Agile team to be able to see the “Big Picture” in a visual way. Which of the following would be the best tool for prioritization?

  1. Epic
  2. User story
  3. Wireframe
  4. Story map
A
  1. Story map

A story map gives the team a visual representation of the work that they are going to do and what success looks like.

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9
Q

9.Which of the following items does your team need in order to produce a working, viable product or service?

  1. A definition of done
  2. Approval from the product owner to create user stories
  3. A well-planned strategy to accomplish project goals
  4. A wireframe with a breakdown of the product needs
A
  1. A definition of done

A definition of done is necessary so that everyone has a specific understanding of what the result will be so that they can create it and know when it has been created and is finished

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10
Q

10.A persona is based on which one of the following?

  1. Someone who had similar goals on another project
  2. The organization and its culture
  3. A real person or as a descriptive placeholder for the customer
  4. A fake placeholder of a future user and what they may or may not want
A
  1. A real person or as a descriptive placeholder for the customer

A persona is used by the team to understand the customer or end users in a way that makes them more relatable. Sometimes, a placeholder name or person is used to help describe what an end user might need from the deliverables.

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11
Q

As an Agile project manager, you are tracking the team’s work capacity and getting a sense of how much work is going to be done in the current iteration. What are you tracking?

  1. Features completed
  2. Scope of work completed
  3. Velocity
  4. User stories completed
A
  1. Velocity

A persona is used by the team to understand the customer or end users in a way that makes them more relatable. Sometimes, a placeholder name or person is used to help describe what an end user might need from the deliverables.

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12
Q

12.Your team has been averaging 50 points’ worth of work per iteration and has determined that there are 201 points left to complete. In how many iterations will the team complete the work?

  1. Four
  2. Two
  3. Six
  4. Five
A
  1. Five

When you divide 201 by the current velocity of 50, you get 4.02. The most logical way to calculate how many iterations are left in this case is to round up to five since partial work doesn’t count and you have already attained a stabilized velocity.

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13
Q

13.Your team has stabilized their velocity throughout five iterations and commits to 15 story points in the current iteration. Due to a risk event during the iteration, the team only completed 14 story points. What happens to the leftover point?

  1. The team will work overtime to complete the work to which they have committed.
  2. The team will adjust their sprint plan from 15 to 14.
  3. The team will do 14 story points and put the remaining work or 1 point into the backlog for another iteration.
  4. The team will do nothing; points are only estimates.
A
  1. The team will do 14 story points and put the remaining work or 1 point into the backlog for another iteration.

It happens. Not everything will always be completed in every iteration, no matter how well you plan. If there is leftover work or there are story points, they will be put back into the backlog and sorted by priority. Typically, that work would be put into the next iteration.

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14
Q

14.Agile teams work with timeboxes. A customer asks, “What is the point of timeboxes in an iteration?” What do you say as an Agile project manager?

  1. It’s a fixed time period applied to activities.
  2. It’s a rough estimate of velocity.
  3. It’s something we use instead of Gantt charts.
  4. It’s a way of tracking performance.
A
  1. It’s a fixed time period applied to activities.

Timeboxes are used for a variety of Agile activities, including the iteration length, planning meetings, backlog refinement, spikes, and stand-up meetings.

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15
Q

15.Your team is working with the customer on a brand-new project. The customer has established the primary scope of the work, but your team doesn’t quite have a process intact. You suggest to the team that they run an iteration that allows for process discovery but doesn’t yet deliver releasable value to the customer. This is otherwise known as which one of the following?

  1. Iteration one
  2. Initiation
  3. Iteration Zero
  4. Iteration discovery
A
  1. Iteration Zero

Iteration Zero, or sprint zero, allows a team that is perhaps newer to Agile and doesn’t have a process intact yet to develop their process, or if a seasoned team determines that they need a discovery iteration to develop the best approach, they would use Iteration Zero.

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16
Q

Your team is estimating that it will take two weeks for the next sprint if there aren’t any interruptions to their work flow. Which of the following describes this estimate?

  1. Likely time estimate
  2. Ideal time estimate
  3. Bottom up estimate
  4. Expert judgment estimate
A
  1. Ideal time estimate

Ideal time is time that is spent without interruptions and isn’t an effective way to estimate.

17
Q

17.Whose position is it to determine the priority of user stories that will be performed next based on value?

  1. Scrum Master
  2. Development team
  3. Project sponsor
  4. Product owner
A
  1. Product owner

The product owner will be the person responsible for the backlog. Even though the team may help with clarification or backlog refinement, the product owner owns the backlog and determines priority.

18
Q

18.You are working with a visible master list of work, and you are constantly reviewing and updating it with requirements that will be reorganized and reprioritized repeatedly. This is an example of which of the following?

  1. You are the development team planning the next iteration.
  2. You are a product owner and are working on grooming the backlog.
  3. You are the Scrum Master working with the customer on priority.
  4. You are the customer working with the product owner to keep your priorities up-to-date on the Kanban board.
A
  1. You are a product owner and are working on grooming the backlog.

A master list of visible work is a backlog, and it is a living document that is reviewed, reorganized, and reprioritized by the product owner while grooming or refining the backlog.

19
Q

19.You and your teammates are debating how long something should take to accomplish. Which of the following ways is the best way to estimate project work?

  1. Story point estimates for user stories based on lessons learned
  2. Using scheduling software approved by management
  3. Parametric estimates
  4. Using storyboards and pull systems
A
  1. Story point estimates for user stories based on lessons learned

Agile teams apply a certain amount of story points based on relative sizing to determine just how big the work is. They then use that information to plan how many points they can accomplish. Lessons learned, while not a key term in Agile, is an apt description of how teams learn from the past and apply it to the present. Velocity will eventually stabilize based on better estimates.

20
Q

20.Your team is estimating work using planning poker. All team members agree that the work size is a 5, except for Bob. Bob thinks it should be a 10 in size. What could the reason be for this discrepancy?

  1. It could be due to product uncertainty or technical uncertainty.
  2. Bob is being difficult so that he can add padding to his work.
  3. The team should have used T-shirt sizing to get a better result.
  4. The team should talk to the Scrum Master for leadership in the matter.
A
  1. It could be due to product uncertainty or technical uncertainty.

In this case, Bob may not understand the ins and outs of the technology, and because of the lack of knowledge about the work, it may seem bigger to Bob than to his teammates. In this case, Bob is an outlier and would need to explain why he chose 10 instead of 5. The team would then discuss and vote again.

21
Q

How many sprints will it take to complete the work providing the team’s current velocity is 10 points a sprint?

Stories Points

Priority A  3 points 
Priority B  6 points 
Priority C  4 points 
Priority D  10 points 
Priority E  3 points
  1. Five
  2. Four
  3. Three
  4. Six
A
  1. Three

If the team averages 10 points a sprint, and that is the maximum they can do, they would have three more sprints left to accommodate all of the work without partial work done in a sprint. The priority would be A and B, then C and E, and then D.

PMI-ACP (8 decks)

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