Chapter 4 Flashcards
1.You have collocated your team, and during the day the team discusses the things they have learned, what they are working on, and various solutions to issues they confront. Even though not everyone contributes to every conversation, they are picking up the information. This information can be internalized or thrown away depending on the individual’s need for that information. This is known as which one of the following?
- Tribal knowledge
- Osmotic communication
- Tacit knowledge
- Team knowledge
- Osmotic communication
Osmotic communication is a way to absorb information even if you are not involved in the actual conversation. That information can be taken as important or not depending on the needs of the individual.
2.Which of the following items can your team use to help visually show what a viable product or service might look like in a type of low-fidelity prototype?
- A definition of done
- Approval from the product owner to create user stories
- A well-planned strategy to accomplish project goals
- A wireframe with a breakdown of the product needs
- A wireframe with a breakdown of the product needs
Wireframes allow the team to work through a type of prototyping in an easy and low-tech way by drawing or plotting out what the increment might look like.
3.Your organization is working to determine a project to charter officially, and it is looking at various financial information for project selection. Which technique contains the most information necessary to make a final decision?
- Project charter
- Internal rate of return (IRR)
- Net present value (NPV)
- Payback period
- Net present value (NPV)
Even though options B through D help organizations get to the point that a charter could be created, net present value is the only one that has all of the information in it and can provide the best overall determination of fiscal health when selecting a project.
4.During a user story workshop, your customer says, “As a customer, I want a web page so that I can do business.” Is this considered an effective user story?
- No, because it isn’t specific and therefore not testable.
- No, because it doesn’t follow the structure of a user story.
- Yes, because it follows the structure of a user story.
- Yes, because you will work through the details later.
- No, because it isn’t specific and therefore not testable.
Even though you could say that it is written in the format of a user story, the story itself is so vague that there isn’t any way in which to direct the conversation. It’s hard to negotiate features or really understand what the customer wants.
5.During a user story workshop, you ask your customer to explain to you the result they are looking for in 140 characters or less. Which of the following are you requesting?
- Wireframe
- User story
- Elevator statement
- Tweet
- Tweet
You are asking your customer for a very small, concise explanation of what success looks like. Even though elevator statements should be about 30 seconds long, a tweet cuts out all of the noise and gets to the bottom line in 140 characters or less.
Kelly and Jim are working together on an architectural spike to help determine what process they will use. They have come to you as their Agile manager and expressed some frustration with the process. If you are practicing active listening, what would you be thinking as they expressed themselves?
- “Kelly and Jim are upset. I need to help them find a solution.”
- “I’ll need to jump in and see if I can help them fix this.”
- “Kelly and Jim are upset, and they need my help.”
- “Kelly and Jim are really upset. I’d better get other team members involved to get all of the information.”
- “Kelly and Jim are upset, and they need my help.”
The only answer that isn’t self-focused is option C. The key to active listening is not thinking about what you are going to do or say next but to remind yourself to focus on the message you are receiving.
7.How can you tell when you have a user story that isn’t going to be effective?
- It can be tested.
- It is large enough to explain the work.
- You can negotiate items in it.
- It stands alone as an independent item.
- It is large enough to explain the work.
A user story that is too large isn’t going to be effective. Even after it is broken down from the epic level, too much information in a user story doesn’t follow the INVEST process of creating effective user stories.
8.You are a business analyst working to put together a business case utilizing project selection techniques. Project A has a net present value of $555,926 and Project B has a net present value of $787,454. Based on this information alone, which would you choose as the project to charter?
- Project A because the NPV is less than Project B.
- No decision can be made accurately until ROI is determined.
- Project B because the NPV is higher than project A.
- No decision can be made until the payback period and internal rate of return are determined.
- Project B because the NPV is higher than project A.
In this case, all things have been calculated into the NPV equation, and if a decision needs to be made strictly on NPV, you would always choose the highest number with the most ROI.
9.You are working with your customer and sketching out what their website will be like. This is an example of which one of the following?
- Wireframe
- User story
- Persona
- Tweet
- Wireframe
A wireframe is a low-fidelity mock-up of what the user story represents or what success looks like.
10.You are working with a customer who is used to Waterfall frameworks and formal project charters. They ask you to explain the difference between a Waterfall project charter and an Agile project charter. How do you explain it to them?
- “Waterfall project charters are mandatory, and Agile charters are not.”
- “Agile project charters are more flexible and describe who and what.”
- “Waterfall project charters don’t get to the definition of done like Agile charters.”
- “Agile project charters aren’t formal, and Waterfall project charters are formal.”
- “Agile project charters are more flexible and describe who and what.”
Option B is the best answer because Agile project charters are more flexible in their approach and documentation by providing the who, what, where, when, and how as you know it today.
You are working with your team to develop a persona, and one of your team members says that they were in the same position as your customer once and can understand where they are coming from. Your team member is expressing which of the following?
- Emotional intelligence
- Empathy
- Active listening
- Effective user story development
- Emotional intelligence
Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize yourself in other people’s experiences.
12.An effective user story follows which of the following formats?
- As a(n) ____________ I want ____________ because ____________.
- As a(n) ____________ I need ____________ in order to ____________.
- As ____________ I need ____________ so that I can ____________.
- As a user ____________ I need ____________so that I have ____________.
- The correct format for user stories is:
As ____________ I need ____________ so that I can ________________________.
The format is important, but not as important as making sure the story is able to be tested, negotiated, and well understood.
13.A user story workshop is important because of which one of the following?
- It allows for collaboration and determination of scope while engaging your stakeholders.
- It is important since it is a large part of Agile frameworks.
- It allows all of the user stories for the project to be created.
- It isn’t important, as it is up to the team to decide whether or not they use them.
- It allows for collaboration and determination of scope while engaging your stakeholders.
User story workshops are a way to determine the user stories over the period of the project, but they are most important to engage stakeholders in what success looks like and to gain an understanding of what the customer wants through communication and collaboration.
14.Payback period is a less effective way to determine ROI on a project because of which of the following reasons?
- Payback period only shows the period of time to recoup the money spent, not the net present value.
- Payback period isn’t an effective way to determine ROI if it is used with internal rate of return only.
- Payback period is only ineffective when combined with net present value.
- ROI isn’t determined using payback period.
- Payback period only shows the period of time to recoup the money spent, not the net present value.
Payback period tracks the amount of time outgoing expenditures are recouped before a profit is made. It isn’t the most reliable selection technique, and it would need to be utilized in a net present value (NPV) formula with additional information to truly be relevant.
15.Your team is working to engage with your stakeholders, who are very interested in what your team thinks the eventual result will be. Your team works with the customer and draws out the web interface they are thinking of developing based on what the customer is describing. Which of the following wouldn’t be involved in this process?
- Wireframe
- User story workshop
- Elevator statements
- Project charter creation
- Project charter creation
The project charter is an excellent jumping-off point, but it really is only describing things on a very high level. It isn’t until you start working directly with the customer that your team can begin to figure out what success looks like.
