Chapter 6-8 biological domain Flashcards
Genome
the complete set of genes an organism pocesses
Alleles
different versions of the same gene
DNA-consist of 4…
nitrogen bases:
- Adenine
- Thymine
- Guanine
- Cytosine
Genetic junk
provides structural integrity or regulate protein production, potentially affecting everything from a person’s physical size to personality
Eugenics
design the future of the human species by fostering the reproduction of persons with certain traits and discouraging the reproduction of persons without those traits.
Phenotypic variance
observed individual differences
Genotypic variance
individual differences in the total collection of genes possessed by each person
Heritability of the big five
40%
Heritability of smoking
44%
Alcohol drinking-alcoholism
0.21-0.56—0.5+
Genotype-environment interaction
the differential response of individuals with different genotypes to the same environment; individual differences interact with the environment to affect performance
Genotype-environment correlation
the differential exposure of individuals with different genotypes to different environments; three types
- Passive genotype-environment correlation: when parents provide both genes and the environment to children
- Evocative/reactive genotype-environment correlation: occurs when others respond to the children differently, depending on the childs genotype
- Active genotype-environment correlation: occurs when a person with a particular genotype creates of seeks out to a particular environment
DRD4
Dopamine receptor D4.
Located on chromosome 11.
Involved in novelty seeking.
Extraversion -brain area
medial orbitofrontal cortex (reward processing)
Neuroticism -brain area
posterior hippocampus, portions of basal ganglia and midbrain (areas associated with negative affect and threat)