9-11 Intrapsychic domain

Question 1

Thanatos

Answer 1

Freud: The idea that human have fundamental instinct toward destruction which is manifested in the aggression towards others (lack testability)

Question 2

Libido

Answer 2

Freud: Sexual, but also need-satisfying, life-sustaining, and pleasure-oriented urges (lack testability)

Question 3

Unconscious motivation-three parts

Answer 3

1. Conscious mind; contains thoughts, feelings & perceptions we are aware of
2. Preconscious mind; not present thinking, but can easily be retrieved and made conscious
3. Unconscious mind; largest part of the human mind; when society does not allow the expression of sexual and aggressive urges, we keep them from entering the conscious awareness

Question 4

Id

Answer 4

drives and urges, desire for immediate gratification. Primary process thinking

Question 5

Ego

Answer 5

constrains id to reality, develops in the first 2-3 years. Secondary process thinking

Question 6

Superego

Answer 6

values, morals, ideal in society; develops from age 5 and forward

Question 7

Three types of anxiety

Answer 7

1. Objective anxiety; fear
2. Neurotic anxiety; direct conflict between id and superego
3. Moral anxiety; conflict between ego and superego

Question 8

Repression-defense mechanism

Answer 8

The process of preventing unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or urges from reaching conscious awareness; forerunner of all forms of defense mechanisms

Question 9

Denial

Answer 9

Insisting things are not the way they seem, refusing to see facts

Question 10

Displacement

Answer 10

The impulse is channelled or redirected from its original source to a non-threatening target

Question 11

Rationalisation

Answer 11

Involves generating acceptable reasons for outcomes that might otherwise appear socially unacceptable; coming up with an explanation for an event that is easier to accept than the real reason

Question 12

Projection

Answer 12

we project our own unacceptable qualities onto others; inner conflict

Question 13

Sublimation

Answer 13

most adaptive because it allows for me a limited expression of id tendencies; channeling of unacceptable instincts into socially desired activity; boxing

Question 14

Freud’s psychosexual stages

Answer 14

1. Oral stage; birth-18 months, pleasure via mouth tongue and lips
2. Anal stage; 18 months-3 years, pleasure via anal
3. Phallic stage; 3y-5y: discovery of genitals, realization that pleasure can be derived from that
4. Latency stage; 6y-puberty
5. Genital stage; sexual awakening of puberty; Oedipus/Electra complex resolved

Question 15

Free association

Answer 15

Let the mind wander

Question 16

Erikson’s eight stages

Answer 16

Trust vs. mistrust;
taken care of well: develop a sense of trust
not taken care of well: trust issues
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt;
experimenting: develop self-confidence and sense of autonomy
inhibiting autonomy: shame and doubt over the things the child cannot achieve
Initiative vs. guilt;
take initiative to accomplish goals in school
Industry vs. Inferiority;
children start comparing with others and either feel like they can achieve what they want or feel inferiority
Identity vs role confusion
Intimacy vs. isolation
Generativity vs. stagnation;
what is important in life?
Integrity vs. despair

Question 17

Narcissism

Answer 17

A style of inflated self-admiration and constant attempts to draw attention to the self and to keep others focused on oneself

Question 18

Narcissism paradox

Answer 18

Although narcissistic people appear to have a high self.esteem, they are actually most likely to have doubts about themselves

Question 19

Strange situation procedure

Answer 19

mother and baby in the lab room
secure attachment: calm when the mother leaves and approach stranger, happy when the mother return
avoidantly attached: avoided mothers when they returned; unfazed when the mother left
ambivalent attachment: anxious when the mother left; difficult to calm down when mother was gone; when returned the baby showed ambivalently behavior (seeking attention and then turn away)

Question 20

Motives

Answer 20

Internal states that arouse and direct behavior toward specific objects or goals; often caused by a deficit or lack of something (e.g. not eaten-motive of hunger)

Question 21

Murray’s list of fundamental human needs- associated with… (3)

Answer 21

1. A specific desire or intention
2. A particular set of emotions
3. Specific action tendencies

Question 22

Hierarchy of needs

Answer 22

an individual’s various needs can be thought of as existing at different levels of strenghts

Question 23

Two types of press

Answer 23

Alpha Press: objective reality

Beta press: reality-as-it-is-percieved

Question 24

Apperception

Answer 24

the act of interpreting the environment and perceiving the meaning of what is going on in a situation; influenced by needs and motives

Question 25

Thematic apperception test (TAT)

Answer 25

Murray and Morgan- to assess needs and motives. Black and white images, person is to make up a story that has a beginning, a middle and an end, then psychologists evaluate the story and find the motives in the story.

Question 26

State levels of a need

Answer 26

A persons momentary amount of a specific need

Question 27

Trait levels of a need

Answer 27

Measuring a persons average tendency on a specific trait

Question 28

Multi motive grid

Answer 28

Combines features of the TAT with features of self-report questionnaires

Question 29

Need for achievement (nAch)

Answer 29

The desire to do better, to be successful and competent. People with high achievement motives are drawn to careers that have more potential risk and uncertainty, where success is a matter of personal responsibility and where emergency problem solving is routine

Question 30

Need for power (nPow)

Answer 30

A readiness or preference for having an impact on other people. Arguments with other people, gambling.

Question 31

Power stress

Answer 31

Strong stress responses shown when high nPow people do not get their way or when their power is challenged or blocked

Question 32

Need for intimacy (nInt)

Answer 32

Preference for warm, close and communicative interaction with others. Women have higher need than men.

Question 33

Maslow's hierarchy of needs (5)

Answer 33

1. Physiological needs(bottom): survival needs 2. Safety needs: shelter and security 3. Belongingness: being accepted 4. Esteem needs: esteem from others and oneself 5. Self-actualization need: need to develop ones potential -supported theory