Chapter 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Attribution Theory

A

a theory that attempts to determine the cause of a behavior. two major dimensions are internal - external and stable - unstable

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2
Q

Fundamental Attribution Error

A

the tendency to overestimate dispositional (internal, stable) causes of behaviors and to underestimate external causes of behaviors

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3
Q

Ultimate attribution error

A

the tendency to ascribe the cause of a behavior to dispositional characteristics of the group rather than an individual member

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4
Q

Stereotype

A

a generalization about a group or its members based upon their characterization

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5
Q

Prejudice

A

a negative judgement about a group or its members based upon their categorization

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6
Q

Discrimination

A

a negative behavior toward a group or its members based upon their categorization

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7
Q

Racism

A

discriminatory behavior that is backed by institutional power.. key words here BACKED BY INSTITUTIONAL POWER. More black men in prison, minorities do worse in schools, etc

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8
Q

Types of Racism

A

Overt, intentional: discriminatory behavior in which those in the majority engage in open hostile aggression (shooting in Charleston, SC)
Overt, unintentional: did not intend but not mindful; thoughtless behavior (use of lame, gay, retarded)
Covert, intentional: behavior that is intentional but is covered up so that on can deny they are racist

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9
Q

Olkin, 2002

A

focus on clinical/counseling psych but applicable to other aspects. Programs focus on exceptional children, MR, and LD, lack of representation and cross-cultural competency

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10
Q

Models of Disability and Disablement

A

Moral: problem of moral character test of faith “disabilities will disappear in heaven”
Medical: physical abnormality of the mind or body
Social: dynamic variation is a key feature of our world. social practices make physical differences come to matter

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11
Q

Negative Stereotype Development

A
  1. Cognitive Process: attempts to simplify our worlds (illusory correlation overestimation)
  2. Power/Social Inequality Justification: we engage in behavior first and then form our attitudes; creation of arguments to justify behavior
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12
Q

Stereotype Threat (steele)

A

a fear that one will confirm the negative sterotype of a group to which one belongs in an area in which the individual excels (students performance on GRE study)

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