Chapter 1 Flashcards
Multicultural Psychology
the systematic study of behavior, cognition, and affect in settings where people of different backgrounds interact
Culture (technical definitions)
1- the values, beliefs and practices of a group of people, shared through symbols and passed down from generation
2 - socially transmitted beliefs values and practices & shared ideas and habits
Culture (broad vs narrow)
Narrow - only race, ethnicity, nationality
Broad - all potentially salient ethnographic, demographic, status or affiliation identities
Six uses of culture in everyday language
descriptive, historical, normative, psychological, structural, and genetic
Worldview
a psychological perception of the environment that determines how we think, behave, and feel
Diversity
differences beyond race, ethnicity, and nationality such as sexual orientations, religions abilities
Biological concept of race
the perspective that a a race is a group of people who share a specific combination of physical, genetically inherited characteristics that distinguish them from other groups
Sociocultural concept of race
the perspective that characteristics, values, and behaviors that have been associated with groups of people who share different physical characteristics serve the social purpose of providing a way for outsiders to view another group and for members of a group to perceive themselves
Early conceptualizations of race (Blumenbach)
based on shape of the skull: caucasian/white, mongolian/yellow, malayan/brown, ethiopian/negro/black, american/red
Linnaeus (1758) development of race
African, Asian/Mongloid, Caucasian, Indian
Origin of Caucasian
Caucasus Mountains have skull specimens that are ‘perfect’
Origins and history of race
18th cent. - european explorers come to the Americas and describe native americans
18th - 19th cent. - race became a concept as a science (linnaues)
Genetics and race now
physiological differences among racial groups are superficial, and we have more genetic similarities than differences
- greater variation within groups than across groups
AAA conclusion concerning justifiability of race
race is not a legitimate biological or genetic construct; rather it is an ideology used to justify the domination of one identifiable group of people by another. Just one race, the human race
Ethnicity
a combination of race and culture ex. African American
Culture contact
critical incidents in which people from different cultures come into social contact with one another either (a) by living and working with one another on a daily basis or (b) through visiting other countries on a temporary basis, such as for business, tourism, or study
Cross-culture psychology
the study of comparisons across cultures or countries as opposed to comparisons of groups within one society
Multiculturalism as the fourth force
the idea that multicultural psychology is so important that it will fundamentally change the direction of the field of psychology as psychoanalysis, behaviorism and humanism did before
paradigm shift
a major change in the way people think about a field
biopsychosocial model
a model of human behavior that takes into consideration biological, cognitive-affective, social interpersonal, social and institutional and cultural factors
Negative cognitive triad
Beck’s label for the negative view depressed individuals tend to have of themselves, the world, and the future
