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Chapter 6 Flashcards

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0
Q

Is Congress Bicameral of Unicameral?

A

Bicameral

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1
Q

What is the main purpose of Congress?

A

Make Laws

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2
Q

What are the two sections of Congress?

A
  1. Senate

2. House

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3
Q

How long is a Congressional Term in the House?

A

2 years

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4
Q

The House of Reps is the upper or lower part of Congress?

A

Lower

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5
Q

How many members are in the House?

A

435

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6
Q

What is House membership based on?

A

Population

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7
Q

What is EVERY state guaranteed in the House?

A

At least 1 member

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8
Q

How often can the Census Bureau change the House “rules”?

A

Every 10 years

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9
Q

What is reapportionment?

A

Readjusting Congressional seats

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10
Q

Who decides the number of Congressmen?

A

Congress

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11
Q

Who divides the people for Congress?

A

The state

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12
Q

What Supreme Court case ruled “equal population” in 1964?

A

Wesberry vs. Sanders

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13
Q

What is gerrymandering?

A

A political party that’s in charge of the State Legislature will draw the districts so their political party has the advantage.

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14
Q

How many members are up for reelection every two years?

A

ALL members

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15
Q

How many term limits are there?

A

None

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16
Q

What are the qualifications to be a member of the House?

A
  1. 25 years old
  2. US citizen for 7 years
  3. Resident of the state you represent
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17
Q

Who is the Presiding Officer in the House?

A

The Speaker of the House

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18
Q

How is the Speaker chosen?

A
  1. He must be a member of the House

2. He is chosen among the members

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19
Q

Who is the current S.o.t.H.?

A

John Boehner (R) from Ohio

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20
Q

What 3 men from TN served as the S.o.t.H.?

A
  1. John Bell (Whig) 1830s
  2. James K. Polk (D) 1840s
  3. Joseph Burns (D) 1930s
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21
Q

What house is the Upper House of Congress?

A

Senate

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22
Q

How many members does every state have?

A

2, equaling 100 total members

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23
Q

How long are the Senate’s terms?

A

6 years

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24
Q

How many Senators are up for reelection every 2 years?

A

1/3

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25
Q

What did the -7th amendment say regarding Congress?

A

Senators are chosen by the people

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26
Q

What are the qualifications for Senators?

A
  1. 30 years old
  2. US citizen for 10 years
  3. Inhabitant of the state they’re running for
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27
Q

Who is the Presiding Officer of the Senate?

A

Vice President

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28
Q

Who is the Presiding Officer when the VP is not present?

A

President Pro Tempore

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29
Q

The President Pro Tempore is the senior member of what?

A

The majority party

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30
Q

Who is the current President Pro Tempore?

A

Patrick Leahy (D) from Vermont

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31
Q

Who are the 4 men from TN who have served as President Pro Tempore?

A
  1. Joseph Anderson (R) 1880s
  2. Hugh Lawson White (Whig) 1830s
  3. Isham Harris (D) 1890s
  4. Kenneth Mckellar (D) 1930s
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32
Q

What are the Congressional Duties?

A
  1. Legislator
  2. Committee Member
  3. Represent their constituents
  4. Servants of their constituents
  5. Politicians
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33
Q

What do legislators do?

A

Make laws

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34
Q

What do Committee Members do?

A

Certain committees deal with certain issues

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35
Q

By representing their constituents, Congressmen represent what?

A

The people’s needs

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36
Q

By being servants of their constituents, Congressmen are what?

A

There to help the people at home

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37
Q

What are the 4 voting options?

A
  1. Trustee
  2. Delegate
  3. Partisan
  4. Politico
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38
Q

What is a Trustee Vote?

A

Voting with your own judgement

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39
Q

What is a Delegated Vote?

A

Voting the way the people want you to vote

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40
Q

What is a Partisan Vote?

A

Voting the way your party votes

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41
Q

What is a Politico Vote?

A

Using all three options

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42
Q

What 8 things do Congressmen get as compensation?

A
  1. $174,000 a year
  2. Free medical care
  3. Free parking in DC
  4. Free travel
  5. Receive money for an office in their state
  6. Retirement/Pension plan
  7. Free mailing (franking privilege)
  8. Cannot be arrested while Congress is in session
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43
Q

What 3 ways can you avoid constituent pressure?

A
  1. Vote both ways on a bill
  2. Be absent during the vote
  3. Use the different types of voting
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44
Q

What are the different types of voting?

A
  1. Voice Vote
  2. Division Vote
  3. “Passing in front of the Teller”
  4. Roll-Call Vote
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45
Q

What is patronage?

A

Efforts to help constituents by personally providing jobs, public works or benefits, as a favor.

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46
Q

What is the “Pork Barrel” Legislation?

A

Bills composed of items of patronage, named and located in specific districts.

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47
Q

What is a Private Bill?

A

Proposal to grant some kind of relief, special privilege or exemption to the person named in the bill.

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48
Q

Who is an example of a Private Bill?

A

Dolly Madison

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49
Q

What are the 7 Responsibilities of Congress?

A
  1. Statutes (laws)
  2. Oversight of Investigation
  3. Oversight of Citizens
  4. Advice and Consent
  5. Debate
  6. Direct Committee Government
  7. Legislative Veto
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50
Q

What are the 4 Acts for Statutes?

A
  1. Authorization Acts
  2. Revenue Acts
  3. Appropriation Acts
  4. Private Acts
51
Q

What are the Authorization Acts?

A

Giving the government power to do something

52
Q

What are the Revenue Acts?

A

Raising money (taxes)

53
Q

What are the Appropriation Acts?

A

Spending of money

54
Q

What are the Private Acts?

A

The Private Bills

55
Q

What three things fall under Oversight of Administration?

A
  1. Hearings
  2. Investigations
  3. Supervision-Lobbyists
56
Q

What are hearings?

A

An inquiry conducted by Congress to build a record on a specific bill, already introduced.

57
Q

What is an investigation?

A

Authorization by Congress for a committee to examine a broad area, or problem, rather than a specific bill.

58
Q

What is the most current investigation?

A

Ebola Virus

59
Q

What are the Supervision-Lobbiests?

A

People who represent an industry or group who tries to persuade Congressmen.

60
Q

What is an example of a Lobbiest?

A

National Rifle Association

61
Q

What are the two parts of the Oversight if Citizens?

A
  1. Hearings

2. Investigations

62
Q

What is an example of the Oversight of Citizens and what did that do?

A

House of UnAmerican Activities Committee- looked for communists in America

63
Q

What must the Senate do under Advice and Consent?

A

MUST approve ALL presidential appointments and treaties

64
Q

Under Debate, what can any Congressman do?

A

Have the freedom to debate any issue without fear of being arrested

65
Q

What is the Direct Committee Government?

A

Practice if delegating certain Congressional powers, from the whole Congress, to one of its committees.

66
Q

What is an example of Direct Committee Government?

A

NASA

67
Q

What is the Legislative Veto?

A

A statute permitting the President to propose changes in administrative organization, procedure or regulation, which becomes law if Congress does NOT act within 60 days

68
Q

What is a strict interpretation of the constitution?

A

Following it exactly- only doing what it says

69
Q

What is a broad interpretation of the constitution?

A

If it’s not forbidden, you can still do it.

70
Q

What are the expressed powers?

A

Powers specifically stated.

71
Q

What are some examples of expressed powers?

A
  1. Tax
  2. Borrow Money
  3. Commerce
  4. Currency
  5. Bankruptcy
  6. Foreign Relations Powers
  7. War Powers
  8. Naturalization
  9. Postal Power
  10. Copyrights/Patents
  11. Weights and Measures
  12. Territories and DC
  13. Judicial Power
72
Q

What is a tax?

A

A charge levied by government on people/property to meet public need.

73
Q

What are the two types of taxes?

A

Direct and Indirect

74
Q

What is a direct tax?

A

Paid person on whom it’s imposed on.

75
Q

What is an indirect tax?

A

Paid first by the person, then passed to someone else in the form of higher taxes.

76
Q

What does “regulation of commerce” mean?

A

Regulate the foreign and domestic trading.

77
Q

What does Congress have the power to do with money?

A

Print it.

78
Q

Under the Foreign Relations, who MUST approve all treaties?

A

The Senate

79
Q

Under the War Powers, what 2 things can Congress do?

A
  1. Raise an army

2. Declare war

80
Q

What did the War Powers Resolution of 1973 do?

A

Gave the president the authority to send in the military for 60 days- after that he must have Congress’s approval to keep them there

81
Q

What is naturalization?

A

The process of becoming a US citizen

82
Q

Who has power over the post office, according to the Postal Powers?

A

Congress

83
Q

Congress must approve all of what in the Judicial Powers?

A

Federal judges

84
Q

What are implied powers?

A

Powers that are not specific- very general

85
Q

What is the primary example of implied powers?

A

The Necessary and Proper (Elastic) Clause

86
Q

What is the Elastic clause?

A

It allows Congress’s power to grow.

87
Q

What are the 6 types of Nonlegislative powers?

A
  1. Constitutional Amendments
  2. Electoral Duties
  3. Impeachment
  4. Executive Powers
  5. Investigatory Powers
  6. Eminent Domain
88
Q

What are the Electoral Duties?

A

Congress elects the president and Vice President if the electoral college fails. (House choses president, Senate choses the VP)

89
Q

What is impeachment?

A

Bringing charges against the president

90
Q

Who brings the charges against the president?

A

The House

91
Q

Where does the impeachment trial take place?

A

The Senate

92
Q

What are the executive powers?

A

Approving treaties/presidential appointments

93
Q

What is Eminent Domain?

A

When the government takes private property for public use.

94
Q

The committee system has what kind of hierarchy?

A

Seniority Rule

95
Q

What are The 4 types of Committees?

A
  1. Standing
  2. Select
  3. Joint
  4. Conference
96
Q

What are the Standing Committees?

A

Committees that are always in existence

97
Q

What are three examples of Standing Committees?

A
  1. Ag committee
  2. Armed services committee
  3. Vet’s affairs committee
98
Q

What are the Select committees?

A

Temporary committees that meet for a specific purpose (usually involving an investigation)

99
Q

What are Joint Committees?

A

Committee rage has Members of both houses (Senate and H.R.) and usually involves an investigation

100
Q

What are the Conference Committees?

A

Committees having members from both houses that draft a compromise bill that will be accepted by both houses of Congress

101
Q

What is a bill?

A

Proposed law

102
Q

What is joint-resolution?

A

When a bill is not a law, but it has the temporary force of law

103
Q

What is Concurrent-resolution?

A

A dealing with something where the House and Senate MUST act together (makes a statement)

104
Q

What is Simple-resolution?

A

1 particular house of Congress deals with a rule or a procedure

105
Q

What is a Rider?

A

Provision that will not pass on its own, so it’s attached to a major piece if legislation.

106
Q

What is the First Reading?

A

Where a bill is introduced, numbered, titled, and a brief summary is given. It’s entered into the Congressional journal and sent to a committee

107
Q

What are the 5 different things a committee can do during the first reading?

A
  1. Report the bill favorable
  2. Refuse to report on the bill (pigeonhole)
  3. Report the bill in an amended form
  4. Report the bill unfavorable
  5. Report a committee bill
108
Q

What happens if Congress pigeonholes?

A

The bill dies- Congress does nothing with the bill

109
Q

What way are most bills reported?

A

In an amended form

110
Q

What does ‘report a committee bill’ mean?

A

Congress rewrites an entirely new bill, but it has the same concepts as before.

111
Q

What happens during the 2nd reading?

A

Floor consideration

112
Q

What is floor consideration?

A

Where the Committee of the whole (whole Senate or House) can discuss the bill

113
Q

What happens on the 3rd reading?

A

The final product is produced and voted on

114
Q

The president can do what with new bills?

A
  1. Sign
  2. Veto
  3. Pocket Veto
115
Q

What happens when the president signs a bill?

A

It becomes law

116
Q

What percentage of Congress can override the President’s veto?

A

2/3

117
Q

What is a pocket veto?

A

If Congress adjourns 10 days after sending a bill to the president, and the president does nothing, the bill dies.

118
Q

What unit of Congress has a time limit on debates?

A

The House

119
Q

Which unit of Congress doesn’t have a time limit on debates?

A

The Senate

120
Q

What is a filibuster?

A

An attempt to “talk a bill to death”

121
Q

What does a filibuster do?

A

Delays the bill

122
Q

What can a Congressman not do when giving a filibuster?

A

Sit, lean, go to the bathroom, etc.

123
Q

Who holds the record for the longest filibuster?

A

Storm Thurmond

124
Q

How do you prevent filibusters?

A

Cloture Rule

125
Q

What is the Cloture rule?

A

60 Senators must agree before the cloture rule can go into effect

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