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SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

A change in behavior or belief as the result of real or imagined group pressure.

A

Conformity

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2
Q

Types of Conformity

A

Acceptance
Compliance

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3
Q

Conformity that involves both acting and believing in accord with social pressure.

A

Acceptance

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4
Q

It occurs when you genuinely believe in what the group has persuaded you to do—you inwardly and sincerely believe that the group’s actions are right.

A

Acceptance

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5
Q

It involves publicly acting in accord with an implied or explicit request while privately disagreeing.

A

Compliance

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6
Q

It is complying with a direct command.

A

Obedience

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7
Q

True or False.

The shorter-lived memories that underlie public compliance have a different neural basis than the memories that underlie longer-term private acceptance.

A

True

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8
Q

WHAT ARE THE CLASSIC CONFORMITY AND OBEDIENCE STUDIES?

A

Sherif’s Studies of Norm Formation
Asch’s Studies of Group Pressure
Milgram’s Obedience Studies

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9
Q

He conducted groundbreaking experiments in the 1930’s to understand how social norms develop and influence individual behavior.

Who is it and What study?

A

Muzafer Sherif.
Sherif’s Studies of Norm Formation

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10
Q

The apparent movement of a stationary point of light in the dark.

A

Autokinetic phenomenon

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11
Q

Suggestibility to problems that spread throughout a large group of people.

A

Mass Hysteria

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12
Q

Mimicking someone else’s behavior.

A

Chameleon effect

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13
Q

In a this study, four subjects are arranged in a row. Three are accomplices, and there is only one true subject. Participants assessed which of the three comparison lines closest matched the standard. The subject felt uneasy and conflicted after hearing others respond incorrectly before him.

A

Asch’s Studies of Group Pressure

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14
Q

It investigates the extent to which individuals would obey orders from an authority figure, even if those orders conflicted with their personal beliefs.

A

Milgram’s Obedience Studies

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15
Q

Four Factors determined obedience according to Milgram:

A
  1. The Victim’s Emotional Distance
  2. The Authority’s closeness and legitimacy
  3. Whether or not the authority was part of a respected institution
  4. The liberating Effect of a disobedient fellow participant
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16
Q

When the victim was remote and the “teachers” heard no complaints, nearly all obeyed calmly to theend.

A

The Victim’s Emotional Distance

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17
Q

The physical presence of the experimenter also affected obedience.

A

The Authority’s closeness and legitimacy

18
Q

The experiment showed that people are more likely to obey orders if they come from a prestigious institution.

A

Whether or not the authority was part of a respected institution

19
Q

These classic experiments give us a negative view of conformity. But conformity can also be constructive. People are more likely to disobey orders if they see others doing the same.

A

The liberating Effect of a disobedient fellow participant

20
Q

The common response to Milgram’s results is to note their counterparts in the “____”

A

“I was only following orders.”

21
Q

It is explicitly commanded.

A

Obedience

22
Q

A powerful social pressure (the experimenter’s commands) overcame a weaker one (the remote victim’s pleas).

A

Obedience experiment

23
Q

WHAT PREDICTS CONFORMITY?
People conform most when three or more people, or groups, model the behavior or belief.

A

Group Size

24
Q

The support of one comrade greatly increases a person’s social courage.

A

Unanimity

25
Q

the extent to which members of a group are bound together, such as by attraction to one another.

A

Cohesion

26
Q

The higher the status of those modeling the behavior or belief, the greater likelihood of conformity.

A

Status

27
Q

People conform more when they must respond in front of others rather than writing their answers privately.

A

Public Response

28
Q

Commitment to a certain behavior or belief increases the likelihood that a person will stick with that commitment rather than conform.

A

Prior commitment

29
Q

Forms of Social Influence

A

Normative Influence
Informational Influence

30
Q

Leads to compliance, especially for people who have recently seen others ridiculed or who are seeking to climb a status ladder (Hollander, 1958; Janes & Olson, 2000). 

A

Normative influence

31
Q

Conformity based on a person’s desire to fulfill others’ expectations, often to gain acceptance.

A

Normative Influence

32
Q

Conformity occurring when people accept evidence about reality provided by other people.

A

Informational Influence

33
Q

It suggest that conformity may genuinely shape perceptions—people may conform because they are afraid of being wrong.

A

Informational Influence

34
Q

Personality of people who are likely to conform.

A

-Higher agreeableness and conscientiousness
-Who wants to please others.
-Who favors smooth social experiences over disagreements, follows the rules, has traditional beliefs, and doubts the existence of free will.

35
Q

People who are less likely to conform

A

-High openness to experience
-Novelty seekers
-With strong belief in their own free will and personal control.

36
Q

True or False.

Different cultures socialize people to be more or less socially responsive.
People from different cultures have different levels of conformity.

A

True

37
Q

It allow some freedom of interpretation to those who act them out, but some aspects of any role must be performed.

A

Social roles

38
Q

By intentionally playing a new role and conforming to its expectations, people sometimes change themselves or empathize with people whose roles differ from their own.

A

Role reversal

39
Q

Two Resisting Social Pressure

A

-Reactance
-Asserting Uniqueness

40
Q

A motive to protect or restore one’s sense of freedom.

A

Reactance

41
Q

Attempts to restrict a person’s freedom often produce an anticonformity “boomerang effect”

A

Reactance

42
Q

People feel better when they see themselves as moderately unique and act in ways that will assert their individuality.

A

Asserting Uniqueness

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY (7 decks)

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