chapter 6

Question 1

ethical awareness

Answer 1

The ability to perceive whether a situation or decison has an ethical dimension

Question 1

Ethical issue intensity

Answer 1

relevance or importance of an event or decision in the eyes of the individual, work group, and/ or organization.

Question 2

Moral intensity

Answer 2

Individuals’ perceptions of soical pressure and the harm they believe their decisions will have on others

Question 3

gender

Answer 3

Research shows that in amany aspects there are no differences between men and women in ethical decision making

Question 4

Education

Answer 4

Significant factor in the ethical decision-making process; generally, the more education or work experience people have, the better they are at making ethical decisions.

Question 5

Nationality

Answer 5

Legal relationship between a person and the country in which he or she is born

Question 6

age

Answer 6

Individual factor that has a complex relationship with business ethics

Question 7

Iocus of control

Answer 7

Individual differences in relation to a gneralized belief about how one is affected by internal versus external events or reinforcements

Question 8

External control

Answer 8

Individuals with this locus of control see themselves as going with the flow because that is all they can do

Question 9

Internal control

Answer 9

Believe they control the events in their lives by their own effort and skill; they view themselves as masters of their destinies and trust in their capcity to influence their environment

Question 10

corporate culture

Answer 10

Set of values, norms, and artifacts, including ways of solving problems that members of an organization share

Question 11

Ethical culture

Answer 11

Acceptable behavior as defined by the company and industry; reflects the integrity of decisoin made and is a function of many factors, including corporate ploicites, topmanagment’s leadership on ethical issues, the influenc of coworkers, and the opportunity for unethical behavior

Question 12

Significant others

Answer 12

Those who have influence in a work group, including peers, managers, cowrkers, and subordinates

Question 13

obedience to authority

Answer 13

Reason employees resolves business ethics issues by simply following the directives of superior

Question 14

Opportunity

Answer 14

Condition in an organization that limit or permit ethical or unthical behavior

Question 15

Immediate job context

Answer 15

Where individuals work, whom they work with, and the nature of the work

Question 16

normative approaches

Answer 16

how organizational decision makers should approach an issue

Question 17

instrumental concern

Answer 17

Focuses on positive outomces, including firm profitability and benfits to society

Question 18

institutional theory

Answer 18

Thoery that organizations operate according to taken-for-granted institutional norms and rules

Question 19

Veil of ignorance

Answer 19

Thought experiment that examined how individuals would formualte principles if they did not know wha their future position in society would be

Question 20

Equality principle

Answer 20

States that each person has basic rights that are compatible to the basic liberties of others

Question 21

Difference principle

Answer 21

States that economic and social equalities or inqualities should be arranged to provide the most benefit to the least advantaged members of society