Chapter 6

Question 1

Articles of Confederation (1781)

Answer 1

Produced a very weak union of states with no means for the Federal gov’t to raise money and few instituitions that spanned State boundaries.
- Anti-federalist side = central gov is weak
- In-debt to banks in boston

Question 2

Shays’ Rebellion

Answer 2

Farmers and Revolutionary War veterans protesting against the Massachusetts government, generating intense national debate.
- not getting paid, borrowing money to keep farms alive

Question 3

James Madison

Answer 3

A nationalist of Virginia and political figure that assisted in dealing with the Shays’s Rebellion.
- Produced new national constitution called the Virginia Plan
- Supported Bill of Rights

Question 4

Constitutional Convention/Philadeplhia Convention

Answer 4

• Proposed a government that combined elements copied from
  1. ancient republics and English political tradition
  2. limited democratic innovations

All while trying to maintain delicate balance between national and state sovereignty
Made to replace the Articles of Confederation bc it wasn’t working

Question 5

Great Compromise

Answer 5

Each state would have 2 senators who could vote independently
- Created the House of Representatives and Senate alongside the three-fifths rule.
- Created the office of the President elected by an Electroral College

Question 6

Three-Fifths Rule

Answer 6

Each slave/women would count as 3/5th of a person, this would help with representation and tax purposes

Question 7

Federalists “Layers of Government”

Answer 7

• Favored a stronger government
• George Washington/John Adams

Question 8

Anti-federalists

Answer 8

• Favored a weaker government

Question 9

Bill of Rights

Answer 9

First ten amendments made in 1791 to protect people’s basic freedom and limit the power of the government

• Fed: Redundant and dangerous, possibiltiy limiting future citizens and preventing new rights
• Anti: W/o guarntee of specific rights, American citizens risk losing personal liberty to federal gov

Question 10

Dirty Compromise

Answer 10

• Protected slave trade for 20 years following Constitutional ratification in exchange for allowing passage of commerical legislation by New England states.

Question 11

Alexander Hamilton

Answer 11

• Federalist
• Believed that creating a strong central gov would of meant tying the interests of the wealthy to the health of the government.
• Advocated two controversial main policies
  1. Federal Government’s assumption of the States’ war debt
  2. Creation of a central Bank of the United States

Question 12

Bank of the United States

Answer 12

• Act as a convenient depository for federal funds
• Print paper banknotes
• Control inflation
• Wealthy ppl a vested interest in the gov finances
  -(Create interest, credit = want the country to survive)

Question 13

Whiskey Rebellion

Answer 13

• Caused by excise tax on whiskey in western Pennsylvania
• Show that the federal gov was capable of quelling internal unrest

Question 14

French Revolution

Answer 14

• French ppl fighting against royalty cuz mad of taxes, food, and inequality
• Preserve social stability and fight for freedom

Question 15

Alien and Sedition Acts

Answer 15

Two laws passed in 1798 intending to prevent French agents from compromising America resistance, also attacking Americans who criticzed the president and Federalist party
Alien: deport foreign nationals who deemed to pose a national security threat
Seditation: Prosecute found to be speaking or publishing malicious propaganda against gov

Question 16

Marbury v Madison

Answer 16

-Created the concept of judical review
Marbury: Sued the gov. which led to Marshall ruling that supreme court reserved right to decide whether an act of congress violated constituiton, assuming the power of judical review.

Question 17

Judical Review

Answer 17

Power to decide whether a law is constiutional or not